MATERIALS AND METHODS Chromium is known to be an essential element1. Epidemiological and experimental studies have, however, demonstrated that some chromium compouds (mainly hexavalent salts) are mutagenic carcinogens2-5) (see ref. 1 for review). Recent studies have also shown that the hexavalent compounds induce dose-related increases in chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges i...

BACKGROUND Welders exposure to nickel and hexavalent chromium in welding fumes is associated with increase of cancer risk in welders. In this study we calculated cancer risk due to exposure to these compounds in welders. METHODS The role of exposure parameters in welders on derived incremental lifetime cancer risk were determined by stochastic modeling of cancer risk. Input parameters were de...

Reactions of salicylaldehyde 4-methylthiosemicarbazone (H2L) and salicylaldehyde 4phenylthiosemicarbazone (H2L) with assorted chromium(III) precusors, [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3, [Cr(H2O)6](NO3)33H2O and [Cr(H2O)6](CH3COO)3, afforded new mononuclear chromium(III) complexes of the general formula [Cr(HL)2]X (X = Cl, NO3 and CH3COO). In all isolated compounds, Cr(III) ion is coordinated by the O,N,S atoms of...

Chromium occurs mostly in tri- and hexavalent states in the environment. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are extensively used in diverse industries, and trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] salts are used as micronutrients and dietary supplements. In the present work, we report that they both induce genetic mutations in yeast cells. They both also cause DNA damage in both yeast and Jurkat cells ...

Although in principle transition metals can form bonds with six shared electron pairs, only quadruply bonded compounds can be isolated as stable species at room temperature. Here we show that the reduction of {Cr(mu-Cl)Ar'}2 [where Ar' indicates C6H3-2,6(C6H3-2,6-Pri2)2 and Pr indicates isopropyl] with a slight excess of potassium graphite has produced a stable compound with fivefold chromium-c...

A total of sixty-one subjects occupationally exposed to chromium in an industry which manufactures chromium sulphate and fifteen control subjects from a nearby industry which does not manufacture any chromium related compounds were studied. The history of each subject was recorded on pre-designed form through interview and a routine medical examination was carried out. Blood samples (5-6 ml) we...

The mutagenicity of sodium dichromate in the Ames test was decreased as a consequence of chromium(VI) reduction by tissue postmitochondrial (S-9 or S-12) fractions from untreated rats with the following rank of efficiency: liver; kidney; and lung. The effects of lung preparations were significantly enhanced following the intratracheal administration of high doses (0.25 mg/kg) of dichromate itse...