OBJECTIVE Our objective was to demonstrate that, despite recognition by both the gastroenterology and headache communities, abdominal migraine (AM) is an under-diagnosed cause of chronic, recurrent, abdominal pain in childhood in the USA. BACKGROUND Chronic, recurrent abdominal pain occurs in 9-15% of all children and adolescents. After exclusion of anatomic, infectious, inflammatory, or othe...

echinococcus infection typically affects liver and lungs while rarely occur through heart. cardiac hydatidosis can be fatal or lead to major complications if it is not treated. the majority of patients with cardiac hydatid cysts complain from cardiac problems as their first presentation. however, this article reports an unusual case suffers from an interventricular hydatid cyst presented by abd...

Low back pain, one of the skeletal and muscular system problems, is most common chronic diseases in world. Chronic low pain an important disorder that affects daily, social, work-life individuals. The majority people experience at least once their life. In this sense, it both social economic can be acute or chronic, depending on duration syndrome. Interventional, medication, rehabilitation, exe...

BACKGROUND Chronic abdominal pain (CAP) is a serious medical condition which needs to be approached with great attention. Chronic abdominal pain may be caused by entrapment of cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves (ACNES). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is the surgery for abdominal wall pain which caused by cutaneous nerve entrapment in children during last 5 years. MATERIALS AND METHO...