Conditions for the production of near-circular polarization states of the evanescent field present in the rarer medium in total internal reflection of incident monochromatic p-polarized light at a dielectric-dielectric planar interface are determined. Such conditions are satisfied if high-index (>3.2) transparent prism materials (e.g., GaP and Ge) are used at angles of incidence well above the ...

Nature provides impressive examples of chiral photonic crystals, with the notable example of the cubic so-called srs network (the label for the chiral degree-three network modeled on SrSi2) or gyroid structure realized in wing scales of several butterfly species. By a circular polarization analysis of the band structure of such networks, we demonstrate strong circular dichroism effects: The but...

A new method is proposed to detect circular arcs. The detection of a circular arc includes the determination of its center, radius, length, and midpoint. The Hough transform is applied to detect circular arcs by using center and radius as parameters. A peak value in the parameter space of the Hough transform indicates the existence of a circular arc. The center and radius of the circular arc ar...

Some characteristics of the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model are reviewed. At least the following properties of radio pulsars can be reproduced in the model: core or central emission beam, one or two hollow emission cones, different emission heights of these components, diverse pulse profiles at various frequencies, linear and circular polarization features of core and cones.

The polarization properties of light scattered in a lateral direction from turbid media were studied. Polarization modulation and synchronous detection were used to measure, and Mueller calculus to model and derive, the degrees of surviving linear and circular polarization and the optical rotation induced by turbid samples. Polystyrene microspheres were used as scatterers in water solutions con...

We review recent observations of circularly polarized radiation from AGN made with the VLBA and with the ATCA. We also discuss briefly the detections of the Galactic sources Sag A* and SS433. The origin of the circular polarization is still an open question in most cases, and we discuss four possible mechanisms. Detectable circular polarization is a common property of quasars, but not of radio ...

Here, we have reviewed some typical plasmonic structures based on Archimedes' spiral (AS) architectures, which can produce polarization-sensitive focusing phenomenon and generate plasmonic vortices (PVs) carrying controllable orbital angular momentum (OAM) because of the relation between the incident polarized states and the chiralities of the spiral structures. These features can be used to an...

Kyungho Chung et al. 379 ABSTRACT⎯A novel reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with frequency and polarization diversities is proposed. A U-slot is incorporated into a square patch, and a PIN diode is utilized to switch the slot on and off, which realizes the frequency diversity characteristic. The polarization diversities among linear polarization (LP), right-hand circular polarization (RHC...