objective: to manage a treatment resistant depression, clinicians may add a second medicationto the first antidepressant drug. the aim of the current research was to study the outcome of augmentation of citalopram with nortryptiline or triiodothyronine in a randomized clinical trial. methods: we selected 48 adult outpatients with a diagnosis of non-psychoticmajor depressive disorder who had not...

BACKGROUND/AIMS We established a cynomolgus macaque model of stress-induced amenorrhea in which the application of combined metabolic and psychosocial stress suppressed ovulation in stress-sensitive (SS) individuals, but not in highly stress-resilient (HSR) individuals. We previously reported that SS monkeys have deficits in global serotonin release and serotonin-related gene expression in the ...

A novel economic procedure for the simultaneous stereospecific separation and analysis of (R)- and (S)-citalopram and its related substances or impurities has been developed and validated. Chromatography was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates with acetonitrile: methanol: water (15:2.5:2.5: v/v/v) as a mobile phase containing 1.5 mM norvancomycin or 2.5 mM vancomycin as a selector at ambient...

BACKGROUND Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors take several weeks to achieve their full antidepressant effects. Post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptor activation is thought to be involved in this delayed therapeutic effect. Pipamperone acts as a highly selective 5-HT2A/D4 antagonist when administered in low doses. The purpose of this study was to compare citalopram 40 mg once daily plus pipamperone ...

Introduction: Over 70% of Iranian breast cancer patients are reported to have experienced an earlier menopause after chemotherapy. Due to the high and prevalent appearance of amenorrhea, this study focused on the efficacy of citalopram plus aspirin, compared to citalopram plus a placebo on cancerous women with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea symptoms in premenopausal stages. Methods: In this r...

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cocaine bind to the neural serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) and thus inhibit presynaptic reuptake of 5-HT and elevate its concentration in the synaptic cleft. Cocaine also binds to the dopamine transporter (DAT) and to the noradrenaline transporter (NET) and inhibits presynaptic reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline. SERT, DAT, and NET...

Catalepsy occurs following high dopamine (DA) D2 blockade by typical antipsychotic drugs (APDs). We showed that a combination of a high dose of citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY 100635 produces significant catalepsy in rats, similar to APDs. Here, we investigated the potential antipsychotic activity of lower doses of cit...

OBJECTIVE Scientists have concluded that genetic profiles cannot predict a large percentage of variation in response to citalopram, a common antidepressant. Using the same data, we examined if a different conclusion can be arrived at when the results are personalized to fit specific patients. METHODS We used data available through the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression dat...

BACKGROUND We have recently reported that serotonin(4) (5-HT(4)) receptor agonists have a promising potential as fast-acting antidepressants. Here, we assess the extent to which this property may be optimized by the concomitant use of conventional antidepressants. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We found that, in acute conditions, the 5-HT(4) agonist prucalopride was able to counteract the inh...