ABSTRACT The assessment of citrus tristeza virus incidence by sampling involves laboratory testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of leaf material collected in the field. Using field data and computer simulation, methods of field data collection were compared. One method was similar to that used by the Central California Tristeza Eradication Agency, in which 4 to 6% of the trees in a plan...

citrus is one of the most important fruit crops in iran. among the citriculture areas of iran, mazandaran province has the highest acreage (about 100,000 ha), production and number of varieties nationwide. unauthorized importation of citrus species and cultivars and propagation by growers and nurserymen have led to perpetuation and spread of virus, viroid and other graft-transmissible pathogens...

The citrus systemic diseases, including Huanglongbing (caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas)), tristeza virus (CTV)), tatter leaf (CTLV)), and exocortis viroid (CEVd)), are threats to production in Taiwan. Reliable diagnostic methods important for the management of these diseases. In this study, we developed a multiplex reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay...

Citrus are affected by many viruses and viroids, some globally widespread restricted to particular countries or areas. In this study, we simulated the use of high throughput sequencing (HTS) bioinformatic analysis small interfering RNAs (siRNA) as a pre-screening method guide bioindexing molecular detection enhance surveillance survey key emerging citrus viruses, such non-European tristeza viru...

The brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), is considered the primary vector of citrus tristeza virus, a severe pathogen which causes losses to citrus industries worldwide. The alate (winged) form of this aphid can readily fly long distances with the wind, thus spreading citrus tristeza virus in citrus growing regions. To better understand the biology of the brown citrus aphid and t...

Members of the Closteroviridae and Potyviridae families of the plant positive-strand RNA viruses encode one or two papain-like leader proteinases. In addition to a C-terminal proteolytic domain, each of these proteinases possesses a nonproteolytic N-terminal domain. We compared functions of the several leader proteinases using a gene swapping approach. The leader proteinase (L-Pro) of Beet yell...