نتایج جستجو برای: class differences

تعداد نتایج: 977819  

Journal: :Child development 2000
A Vinter P Perruchet

Three experiments are reported on implicit learning in 432 children between the ages of 4 and 10 years, using a new paradigm ("the neutral parameter procedure") based on drawing behavior. The first two experiments demonstrated that children modified their drawing behavior following specially devised practice in such a way that these modifications could not be viewed as the result of deliberate ...

Journal: :Psychology and aging 2010
Matthew C Costello David J Madden Stephen R Mitroff Wythe L Whiting

Previous research has suggested that an age-related decline in change detection may be due to older adults using a more conservative response criterion. However, this finding may reflect methodological limitations of the traditional change detection design, in which displays are presented continuously until a change is detected. Across 2 experiments, the authors assessed adult age differences i...

Journal: :The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 2010
Gillian Slessor Gillian Laird Louise H Phillips Rebecca Bull Dimitra Filippou

Previous research revealed age differences in following the gaze of others. To date, however, investigations have concentrated on only young faces as target stimuli. The present study explored whether varying the age of target stimuli moderated gaze following in younger and older adults. Overall, older participants showed less evidence of gaze following, but this was qualified by the age of the...

Journal: :The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 2007
Fredda Blanchard-Fields Yiwei Chen Michelle Horhota Mo Wang

Previous work suggests that older adults show a stronger correspondence bias than do young adults. In the present study we examine whether age differences in the correspondence bias are universal or if they differ across cultures. A sample of young and older adults from China completed an attitude-attribution paradigm. We compared these data with an existing American data set. We found cultural...

Journal: :The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 1995
T A Salthouse

Adults from a wide range of ages were administered parallel versions of three memory tasks designed to involve verbal-symbolic information or visual-spatial information. Several analytical procedures were used to determine whether there were selective age-related effects on measures reflecting spatial information processing compared to those reflecting verbal-symbolic information processing. Th...

Journal: :Memory & cognition 1994
E H Cornell C D Heth D M Alberts

Children and adults were escorted on their first walk across our university campus and were periodically led off the original route during the return trip. During the return, we stopped prior to intersections on and off the original route to obtain estimates of place recognition accuracy and confidence. The subjects were then asked to point to the path that led back to the start and were correc...

Journal: :Psychological bulletin 2005
Thomas M Hess

Much research has indicated that aging is accompanied by decrements in memory performance across a wide variety of tasks and situations. A dominant perspective is that these age differences reflect normative changes in the integrity and efficiency of the information-processing system. Contextual perspectives of development, however, argue for consideration of a broader constellation of factors ...

Journal: :Multivariate behavioral research 2006
Scott M Hofer Brian P Flaherty Lesa Hoffman

The effect of time-related mean differences on estimates of association in cross-sectional studies has not been widely recognized in developmental and aging research. Cross-sectional studies of samples varying in age have found moderate to high levels of shared age-related variance among diverse age-related measures. These findings may be misleading because high levels of association between ti...

Journal: :Psychology and aging 2003
Ursula M Staudinger Susan Bluck P Yorck Herzberg

The goal of this study is to investigate the consistency of diachronous ratings of subjective well-being (SWB). A heterogeneous sample (25-74-year-olds; N = 3,596) provided ratings of their present SWB, reconstructed their SWB of 10 years ago, and anticipated their SWB 10 years from now. Developmental tasks and self-evaluative principles were used to predict age differences in diachronous consi...

Journal: :Child development 2017
Antonya M Gonzalez Jennifer R Steele Andrew S Baron

Studies with adults suggest that implicit preferences favoring White versus Black individuals can be reduced through exposure to positive Black exemplars. However, it remains unclear whether developmental differences exist in the capacity for these biases to be changed. This study included 369 children and examined whether their implicit racial bias would be reduced following exposure to positi...

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