Hydrophobicity plays an important role in numerous physicochemical processes from the process of dissolution in water to protein folding, but its origin at the fundamental level is still unclear. The classical view of hydrophobic hydration is that, in the presence of a hydrophobic solute, water forms transient microscopic "icebergs" arising from strengthened water hydrogen bonding, but there is...

We have calculated the electronic structure and the equations of state of the Na16Rb8Si136 and K16Rb8Si136 clathrates. These compounds are based on the type II silicon clathrate structure. The smaller Na or K atoms occupy the 20-atom cages, while the Rb atoms occupy the 28-atom cages. Equation of state, electronic band structure, and density of states calculations were performed using density f...

The microwave radiometer aboard the Juno spacecraft provided a measurement of water abundance found to range between 1 and 5.1 times protosolar oxygen in near-equatorial region Jupiter. Here, we aim combine this up-to-date determination, which is likely be more representative bulk than Galileo probe subsolar value, with other known measurements elemental abundances Jupiter, derive formation con...