Radar data collected at an experimental facility arranged on purpose suggest that the footprint of atmospheric turbulence might be encoded in the radar signal statistics. Radar data probability distributions are calculated and nicely fitted by a one-parameter family of generalized Gumbel (GG) distributions, Ga. A relation between the wind strength and the measured shape parameter a is obtained....

Turbulence in the surfzone mixes momentum vertically, transmits stress to the sea bed, influences the structure of the crossand alongshore currents, and controls the suspension of sediment from the sea bed. In many coastal and shelf environments, the sea-bed is the primary source of tur­ bulence due to bottom induced shear. In the surfzone, the breaking-wave generated turbulence dominates over ...

Airborne encounters with clear air turbulence (CAT) continue to significantly affect the safety and efficiency of commercial aviation. Fatalities, injuries and the additional costs associated with both encountering and avoiding turbulence are serious problems. Turbulence-induced injuries are airlines’ most frequent source of insurance and workers’ compensation claims. This paper will discuss th...

Using experimental models along with conducting numerical analysis have been widely used in performance recognition and optimization of hydraulic equipments. Numerical modeling has lower cost rather than experimental one; however practical tests are commonly used because of the hydraulic structure importance especially in dams. Meanwhile numerical methods could be used for future designs throug...

Cloudy air, containing small (∅ 14 μm) water droplets, undergoes mixing with the unsaturated environment inside the cloud chamber in the process resembling smallest scales of entrainment and mixing in real clouds. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) applied to images from the chamber interior is used to investigate dynamics of the process in scales from 1.2 mm to few centimeters. A special algorit...

In the last two decades, research on the hydraulics of skimming flows down stepped chutes was driven by needs for better design guidelines. Skimming flows are characterized by significant momentum transfer from the main stream to the recirculation zones. Investigations are difficult because of the complex nature of the flow, the strong flow aeration, and the interactions between entrained air a...

Numerical simulation is performed in this study to explore filmcooling enhancement by injecting mist into the cooling air with a focus on investigating the effect of various modeling schemes on the simulation results. The effect of turbulence models, dispersed-phase modeling, inclusion of different forces (Saffman, thermophoresis, and Brownian), trajectory tracking, and mist injection scheme is...

Free space optics (FSO) is an optical mean of communication where free space acts as a medium between transmitter and receiver and both should be in the line of sight for successful transmission of signal. Free space can be air, outer space, or vacuum. This system is economically beneficial than other systems and deployed in a matter of hours. This system poses great advantages like high bandwi...

The air layer formation in a high Reynolds-number flat plate turbulent boundary layer is simulated using a two-phase sharp interface Cartesian grid solver. The interface is tracked by a coupled level set and volume-of-fluid method (CLSVOF) and turbulence is modeled by a Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model with a wall function (WF) approach. The air layer along the entire test plate is succes...