We study stochastic transport through a lattice network with quenched disorder and evaluate the limits of predictability of the transport behavior across realizations of spatial heterogeneity. Within a Lagrangian framework, we perform coarse graining, noise averaging, and ensemble averaging, to obtain an effective transport model for the average particle density and its fluctuations between rea...

An approach for the direct estimation (DE) of particle parameters in the fine and coarse mode from multiwavelength lidar measurements is presented. Particle size distributions in both modes are approximated by rectangular functions, so the particle density is estimated directly without solving the inverse problem. The numerical simulation demonstrates that the particle volume in both modes can ...

To provide improved particle size data for reconstructing the radiation dose incurred by Colorado plateau uranium miners, sampling exercises were made in 1988 and 1994 at Twilight Mine in western Colorado, a former uranium mine that is now used as a research and training facility. The strategy was to simulate or approximate some of the conditions to which the miners were exposed, then sample th...

The CDC recommends that healthcare settings provide influenza patients with facemasks as a means of reducing transmission to staff and other patients, and a recent report suggested that surgical masks can capture influenza virus in large droplet spray. However, there is minimal data on influenza virus aerosol shedding, the infectiousness of exhaled aerosols, and none on the impact of facemasks ...

Sulphate size distributions were measured at the coastal station of Mumbai (formerly Bombay) through 1998, during the Indian ocean experiment (INDOEX) "rst "eld phase (FFP), to "ll current gaps in size-resolved aerosol chemical composition data. The paper examines meteorological, seasonal and source-contribution e!ects on sulphate aerosol and discusses potential e!ects of sulphate on regional c...

BACKGROUND Knowledge of the inhalable particulate matter components responsible for health effects is important for developing targeted regulation. OBJECTIVES In a double-blind randomised cross-over trial of controlled human exposures to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) and their endotoxin and (1→3)-β-D-glucan components, we evaluated acute inflammatory responses. METHODS 35 healthy ad...