Deli Serdang is one of the largest centers in North Sumatra for cocoa commodities. Cocoa strong life support residents Candi Rejo Village, Sibiru-Biru District, Regency, especially Pendawa Farmer Group. The abundance harvest also causes an increase amount husk waste. Still, some problems that arise cannot be overcome due to limitations science and technology. Until now, abundant waste has just ...

Although Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) promotes technical change in cocoa farming with innovative technologies and input support, crop productivity is better advanced by improving on the efficiency of use farmers. This study thereby investigates farmers Ghana. The uses cross sectional field data covering Western North, Ashanti, Eastern, Volta Brong-Ahafo regions a sample 899 adopts Meta frontier ...

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to establish a current situation assessment of the possible occurrence of deoxynivalenol in cocoa and cocoa products. Since there was no analytic method for determining DON in cocoa and cocoa products, a special method was developed. The applicability and consistency of the method was confirmed by performing recovery assays on various cocoa produ...

We determined the in vitro inhibitory effects of cocoa extracts and procyanidins against pancreatic α-amylase (PA), pancreatic lipase (PL) and secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and characterized the kinetics of such inhibition. Lavado, regular and Dutch-processed cocoa extracts as well as cocoa procyanidins (degree of polymerization (DP) = 2 to 10) were examined. Cocoa extracts and procyanidins...

Abstract Cocoa-based agroforests are promoted to replace monocultures for the provision of ecosystem services. However, shade tree pruning, an important tool sustain cocoa yields, is not commonly implemented. This study investigates effect pruning on both agronomic and economic performance. In Bolivia, four famers’ sites were divided in half, trees pruned one two plots. Pruning resulted a signi...

A study was undertaken to determine whether cocoa swollen shoot virus is transmitted by seeds, to improve the robustness of quarantine procedures for international exchange and long term conservation of cocoa germplasm. PCR/capillary electrophoresis, using cocoa swollen shoot virus primers designed from the most conserved regions of the six published cocoa genome sequences, allowed the detectio...

Farmers constantly adapt cropping systems to meet their needs. Cocoa farming is frequently associated with low incomes and little access technical innovations for the small farmers families who are responsible most cocoa production around world. A collaborative approach, including different professionals working in Dominican sector, led emergence of many designed modify current agroforestry (AF...