∗ ∗ ∗ The biaxial smectic-A (Sm-AB ) phase, appearing in the phase sequence Sm-A –Sm-AB–Sm-C ∗, is analyzed using Landau theory. It is found to possess a helical superstructure with a pitch that is significantly shorter than the pitch of the Sm-C ∗ helical superstructure. The Sm-AB ∗ –Sm-C ∗ transition can be either first or second order, and correspondingly there will be either a jump or conti...

The 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase, or protein kinase A (PKA), pathway is one of the most versatile and best studied signaling pathways in eukaryotic cells. The two paralogous PKA catalytic subunits Cα and Cβ, encoded by the genes PRKACA and PRKACB, respectively, are among the best understood model kinases in signal transduction research. In this work, we e...

Previously, we showed caveolae contain a population of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) that appears to regulate membrane invagination. We now report that multiple PKC isoenzymes are enriched in caveolae of unstimulated fibroblasts. To understand the mechanism of PKC targeting, we prepared caveolae lacking PKCalpha and measured the interaction of recombinant PKCalpha with these membranes. PKCal...

We consider the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator in strip-like and half-space domains with Lipschitz boundary. It is shown that quadratic form generated by controls some sharp homogeneous fractional Sobolev norms. As an application, we prove global solutions constructed Dong et al. (2021) for one-phase Muskat problem decays exponentially time any Hölder norm Cα, α ∈ (0,1).

The expanding protein sequence and structure databases await methods allowing rapid similarity search. A novel framework for structural similarity search in proteins is developed. It can not only distinguish the local similarity case, but also can detect the overall similarity in some sense. First, geometrical distance of Cα-Cα is used in evaluating structural similarity in proteins. Then a sim...

This study concerns the structural change of lignin during auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping of aspen by 1H-NMR. The results showed that the linkages of alkyl-aryl ether of lignin, such as the α-ether linkages (α-O-4) and the β-ether linkages (β-O-4), were broken and the alkyl part formed carbenium at the Cα and Cβ of the aliphatic branch. Meanwhile, the aryl part of ether accepted one H and...

Let φ : C → C be a bilipschitz map. We prove that if E ⊂ C is compact, and γ(E), α(E) stand for its analytic and continuous analytic capacity respectively, then Cγ(E) ≤ γ(φ(E)) ≤ Cγ(E) and Cα(E) ≤ α(φ(E)) ≤ Cα(E), where C depends only on the bilipschitz constant of φ. Further, we show that if μ is a Radon measure on C and the Cauchy transform is bounded on L(μ), then the Cauchy transform is als...

In this paper we describe a similarity model that provides the objective basis for clustering proteins of similar structure. More specifically, we consider the following variant of the protein-protein similarity problem: We want to find proteins in a large database D that are very similar to a given query protein in terms of geometric shape. We give experimental evidence, that the shape similar...