The capacity to integrate multiple sources of information is a prerequisite for complex cognitive ability, such as finding a target uniquely identifiable by the conjunction of two or more features. Recent studies identified greater frontal-parietal synchrony during conjunctive than non-conjunctive (feature) search. Whether this difference also reflects greater information integration, rather th...

This chapter reviews sources of variation in decision making and choice that arise within the individual, and discusses the possible signifi cance of such variation for the development of an evolutionarily plausible account of decision making. Different sources of within-individual variation are reviewed, including noise, general cognitive ability and life span changes, mood, and personality. T...

The mental models of experts can be encoded in computational cognitive models that can support the functioning of intelligent agents. This paper compares human mental models to computational cognitive models, and explores the extent to which the latter can be acquired automatically from published sources via automatic learning by reading. It suggests that although model components can be automa...

We present data from a sample of 190 healthy adults including assessments of 4 cognitive factor scores, 12 cognitive tests, and 115 MRI-assessed neuroanatomical variables (cortical thicknesses, cortical and sub-cortical volumes, fractional anisotropy, and radial diffusivity). These data were used in estimating underlying sources of individual variation via independent component analysis (Watson...

The neo-Piagetian research on individual differences in cognitive development reviewed by Larivée, Normandeau, and Parent suggests that Piaget's theory can be used to explain variability in development. My commentary explores this question further through a discussion of two additional sources of variation in children's cognitive development: social-emotional context and cultural meanings.

This work describes a cognitive heuristic allowing agents to assess trust and delegations merging heterogenous information sources. The model is realized through Uninformed Cognitive Maps, based on the combination of: (i) categorization abilities (ii) history of personal experiences (iii) context awareness.

Scholars interested in investigating individual-level concerns relevant to organisational change programmes have reported the importance of employees’ psychological processes and characteristics in understanding their reactions and attitudes towards change. The study explored the moderating role of job embeddedness in the association between experiences of sources of job stress and cognitive re...

Speakers from the forefront of fields including mathematics, physics, neuroscience, art and psychology explored the experience of beauty. Over two days, they considered what beauty from sensory sources such as music and art has in common with beauty from cognitive ones such as mathematics or from moral sources. Sir David Attenborough also considered whether some animals make judgments for aesth...

Older adults, whether or not they have clinically significant hearing loss, have more trouble than their younger counterparts understanding speech in everyday life. These age-related difficulties in speech understanding may be attributed to changes in higher-level cognitive processes such as language comprehension, memory, attention, and cognitive slowing, or to lower-level sensory and perceptu...

Acknowledgments: This research was developed thank to the financial support by European Committee for the FP7-" ICT Infrastructure " project entitled " Diagnostic Enhancement of Confidence by an International Distributed Environment " (" DECIDE " , Grant Agreement: RI-261593) in the framework of the validation of spectral electroencephalographic indexes of disease progression in subjects with m...