There is a tendency for increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity with age in the rat, and the resulting elevations in circulating glucocorticoid levels have been implicated in the occurrence of hippocampal pathology and memory deficits. In the experiments reported here, we examined whether HPA dysfunction is selectively associated with cognitive impairments in a population of age...

Current models of temporality in language are either inaccurate or too complex to be cognitively plausible. We present a cognitive model of the computation of aspect in French. Our approach emphasizes the importance of minimalism for cognitive plausibility: structures and computation are kept simple and combinatorial explosion is avoided. Though the model and its current implementation remain p...

Schools often administer brief intelligence tests as the first step in the identification of students who are cognitively gifted. However, brief measures are often used without consideration of underlying constructs or the psychometric properties of the measures and without regard to the links between screening decisions and educational programming. This article provides an overview of these is...

CONTEXT Little is known about the prognosis of acutely ill patients with end-stage dementia or about the type of care that these patients receive. If their prognosis is poor, then emphasis should be placed on palliative care for these patients rather than on curative interventions. OBJECTIVES To examine survival for patients with end-stage dementia following hospitalization for hip fracture o...

This paper describes changes to a model of reading comprehension to improve its reading rate and bring it into closer alignment with human reading rates. The broader context of the research is development of language capable synthetic teammates that can be integrated into team training simulations. To use synthetic teammates in team training without detriment, we believe the synthetic teammates...

The animal literature suggests that exposure to more complex, novel environments promotes neurogenesis and cognitive performance in older animals. Studies in humans indicate that participation in intellectually stimulating activities may serve as a buffer against mental decline and help to sustain cognitive abilities. Here, we show that across old adults, increased responsiveness to novel event...

We demonstrate the use of a probabilistic generative model to explore the biomarker changes occurring as Alzheimer's disease develops and progresses. We enhanced the recently introduced event-based model for use with a multi-modal sporadic disease data set. This allows us to determine the sequence in which Alzheimer's disease biomarkers become abnormal without reliance on a priori clinical diag...