In a recent paper, "Nietzsche's Sting And The Possibility of Good Philology/1 Kenneth Wcstphal presents a case for interpreting as strongly cognitivist a number of Nietzsche's remarks concerning truth, language and the world. The cognitivism Wcstphal attributes to Nietzsche is at bottom a correspondence theory of truth: that there arc truths about the world that can be known and expressed, trut...

In this paper, we rethink the problem of intelligent living machines in the context of original Robots from the play R. U. R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) by Karel Čapek. We analyze Robots in terms of recent artificial intelligence paradigms – cognitivism, emergentism and enactive viewpoint –, and highlight conceptual positives and mistakes of Robot inventors. Finally, we draw a line between Rob...

Constructivism learning theory is the further development as behaviorism arrives at cognitivism. According to its teaching theory: knowledge is uncertain; the learning process of knowledge is also the construction process of knowledge; students are the main body of learning activity and they construct knowledge on their own initiatives; teachers are the helpers and the drivers for students cons...

Value judgments are meaningless. This thesis was one of the notorious tenets of Carnap’s mature logical empiricism. Less well known is the fact that in the Aufbau values were considered as philosophically respectable entities that could be constituted f rom value experiences. About 1930, however, values were banished to the realm of meaningless metaphysics, and Carnap came to endorse a strict e...

The notion of information processing has dominated the study of the mind for over six decades. However, before the advent of cognitivism, one of the most prominent theoretical ideas was that of Habit. This is a concept with a rich and complex history, which is again starting to awaken interest, following recent embodied, enactive critiques of computationalist frameworks. We offer here a very br...

Wright’s Truth and Objectivity seeks to systematise a variety of anti-realist positions. I argue that many objections to the system are avoided by transposing its talk of truth into talk of warrant. However, a problem remains about debates involving ‘direction-of-fit’. Dummett introduced ‘anti-realism’ as a philosophical view informed by mathematical intuitionism. Subsequently, the term has bee...