To evaluate the association between an indicator of carcinogen exposure (peripheral blood leukocyte DNA adducts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and an early indicator of neoplastic transformation (sputum epithelial cell membrane antigens binding by monoclonal antibodies against small cell lung cancer and against nonsmall cell lung cancer), a survey of 350 coke-oven workers and 100 unexpose...

Quality of petroleum cokes and coals has been evaluated for export specifications required in use of specialty products and utility bels. Various green and calcined cokes, produced at refineries m California, and coals for shipment are sampled at California and national ports, and analyzed by using ASTM Methods. Quality analysis reports include: proximate and ultimate analyses, metals, tu, dens...

Catalysts and catalyst binders are significant portions of the cost of microbial fuel cell (MFC) cathodes. Many materials have been tested as aqueous cathodes, but air-cathodes are needed to avoid energy demands for water aeration. Packed-bed air-cathodes were constructed without expensive binders or diffusion layers using four inexpensive carbon-based materials. Cathodes made from activated ca...

This paper describes a case study of improving the asset performance of ethylene cracking furnaces through energy saving by Yokogawa’s Asset Performance Diagnostics service, one of the services of Plant Asset Effectiveness Optimization Services, InsightSuiteAE. During regular maintenance of ethylene cracking furnaces, steam and air are supplied to tubes for decoking to burn and remove coke whic...

Non-oxidative methane dehydroaromatization is a promising reaction to directly convert natural gas into aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen. Commercialization of this technology is hampered by rapid catalyst deactivation because of coking. A novel approach is presented involving selective oxidation of coke during methane dehydroaromatization at 700 °C. Periodic pulsing of oxygen into the methane...

Diesel fuels of 50 and 15 ppm of sulfur content were produced in a pilot plant by upgrading light catalytic cracking gas oil (LCO) during 10 weeks of continuous operation. The end-of-run catalysts were characterized before and after soluble coke extraction by CH2Cl2. The cokes were characterized by CNMR, TPO, GC-MS, and elemental analysis. Catalyst surfaces were characterized by XPS, CO adsorpt...

The addition of activated carbon as particulate sorbent to the biologically active layer of contaminated sediment is proposed as an in-situ treatment method to reduce the chemical and biological availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We report results from physicochemical experiments that asse...

OBJECTIVES The study investigated the utility of unmetabolised naphthalene (Nap) and phenanthrene (Phe) in urine as surrogates for exposures to mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). METHODS The report included workers exposed to diesel exhausts (low PAH exposure level, n = 39) as well as those exposed to emissions from asphalt (medium PAH exposure level, n = 26) and coke ovens ...

OBJECTIVES A study was conducted in coke oven workers to evaluate the biological consequences of the exposure of these workers, particularly production of potential genotoxic factors. METHODS 60 coke oven workers and 40 controls were recruited in the same iron and steel works. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was assessed by job and measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene (1OHP) in ...

A study was carried out into the use of preformation process to prepare biochar for replacing coke breeze in iron ore sintering. Two types of preformation process, thermo-compression process (TCP) and normal temperature process (NTP), were adopted. Results show that preformation contributed to improving the density of both raw biomass and biochar. Recommended preformation parameters for TCP wer...