Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is a Gram-negative obligate anaerobe bacterium in the oral cavity and plays a role in several oral diseases, including periodontitis and gingivitis. Recently, several studies have reported that the level of F. nucleatum is significantly elevated in human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas compared to that in adjacent normal tissue. Several researchers have...

The exact antineoplastic effects of calcium and vitamin D(3) in the human colon are unclear. Animal and in vitro studies show that these two agents reduce oxidative stress; however, these findings have never been investigated in humans. To address this, we conducted a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 x 2 factorial clinical trial to test the effects of calcium and vitamin D...

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the results of our therapeutic recommendations for EMR and surgical operation using thin-probe EUS for patients with early colorectal neoplasms. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic recommendation for using EUS and the results in 63 lesions of 63 patients. When the depth of the change for the third layer (submucosal layer) was 1 millimeter or ...

BACKGROUND Colorectal adenoma develops into cancer with the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. We studied the underlying molecular and clinicopathological features to better understand the heterogeneity of colorectal neoplasms (CRNs). METHODS We evaluated both genetic (mutations of KRAS, BRAF, TP53, and PIK3CA, and microsatellite instability [MSI]) and epigenetic (methylation sta...

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was developed to overcome the limitations of conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), and ESD has been also applied for large colorectal neoplasms. Since colorectal ESD is still associated with higher perforation rate, a longer procedure time, and increased technical difficulty, the indications should be strictly considered. Generally, colorectal t...

Purpose. We present a rare case of colorectal metastasis to the thyroid five years following primary colonic resection. This case highlights the need to be cognisant of unusual sites of metastasis from colorectal neoplasms. Case Report. An 82-year-old male patient had a panproctocolectomy for synchronous colorectal tumours. Five years later he was found to have lung and thyroid metastases found...

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the western world (Jemal et al., 2009). Most non-hereditary colorectal cancers arise from benign adenomas (Morison et al., 1974). It has been reported that removal of adenomatous polyps reduces the risk of subsequent colorectal cancer by as much as 80% (Winawer et al., 1993). Therefore, detection and removal of colore...

In the last years, a distinctive interest has been raised on large polypoid and non-polypoid colorectal tumors, and specially on flat neoplastic lesions ≥20 mm tending to grow laterally, the so called laterally spreading tumors (LST). Real or virtual chromoendoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound or magnetic resonance should be considered for the estimation of submucosal invasion of these neoplasms. Le...

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is the main etiological agent of all malignant tumors caused by an infectious disease. It a major, at times dominant, factor in pathogenesis large spectrum diseases such as acute and chronic gastritis, gastric duodenal ulcers, carcinoma, lymphoma. Epidemiological experimental studies suggest that H. infection may be related to different extragastric diseases, includ...