OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of venous thromboembolism from use of combined oral contraceptives according to progestogen type and oestrogen dose. DESIGN National historical registry based cohort study. SETTING Four registries in Denmark. PARTICIPANTS Non-pregnant Danish women aged 15-49 with no history of thrombotic disease and followed from January 2001 to December 2009. MAIN OUTCOME M...

Studies about the association between oral contraceptives use and liver cancer risk have generated controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies was performed to quantitatively summarize the existing evidence.Eligible studies were identified by a computer search of PubMed and Embase databases and handed-search of reference lists, without any limitations. S...

Evidence-Based Answer The overall risk of MI and ischemic stroke is increased in women who use combined oral contraceptives. The relative risk of MI and ischemic stroke increases as estrogen dose rises, increasing by 60% with doses of 20 mcg and more than doubling when doses of 50 mcg or more are used. Risk of MI and ischemic stroke does not vary with the type or generation of progestin. Physic...

background: muslim women tend to postpone their menstrual period using short course oral contraceptives (oc) during ramadan, muslims fasting month. recently, many cases of stroke, particularly cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt), have been reported in ramadan. objective: this work studies the incidence of cvt and its relation to ramadan. materials and methods: this is a cohort study conducted from o...

background: we report a case series of cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt) in women who used oral contraceptive pill (ocp) in the muslims ramadan and fasting month. methods: this study was a retrospective case series of 9 patients with diagnosis of cvt, who admitted in the neurology ward of tohid hospital of sanandaj, iran, in july-august 2014-2015. results: patients had no history of thrombosis bef...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine if oral contraceptive (OC) use affects body weight, body composition and metabolism in primates. METHODS Reproductive-age female rhesus monkeys of normal and obese BMI were studied to document baseline weight stability, then treated continuously with an OC (dosed to achieve equivalent human serum levels for a 30 µg ethinyl estradiol/150 µg lev...

OBJECTIVE To explore the usefulness of epidemiological data to guide clinical practice by seeking an answer to the question "What is the risk of cardiovascular disease among users of currently available, low dose, combined oral contraceptives who are aged less than 35 years, do not smoke, and do not have a medical condition known to increase the risk of vascular disease?" DESIGN Review of all...

Background and objectives: Hypericum perforatum L., commonly known as St. John’s wort (SJW) from the family Hypericaceae is a famous medicinal plant used to treat mild to moderate depression; so, it might affect the pharmacokinetics of numerous drugs. Due to widespread herb-drug interactions of SJW, this study was designed to review the clinical evidences regarding the...

OBJECTIVE To estimate whether daily educational text messages affect oral contraceptive pill (OCP) continuation at 6 months. METHODS We randomized young women electing OCPs at an urban family planning health center to either routine care or routine care plus 180 days of daily educational text messages. Investigators masked to treatment allocation randomized participants who were not masked to...

OBJECTIVE To examine the economic impact of a new implantable contraceptive, Implanon, in comparison with other available contraceptive methods. DESIGN This was a modelling study using cost data derived from national published sources and effectiveness data from either controlled clinical trials (Implanon) or reports in the literature (other contraceptives). In the baseline analysis, Implanon...