An overview of the literature considering committed quantities in demand estimation for various commodities with an emphasis on energy is presented. This provides a definition and history quantities, along different theoretical modeling methodologies. Committed are that consumed short run little regard price. Previous studies suggest range from 15 to 98% consumption. The inclusion appears impro...

We present a preliminary pilot study of belief annotation and automatic tagging. Our objective is to explore semantic meaning beyond surface propositions. We aim to model people’s cognitive states, namely their beliefs as expressed through linguistic means. We model the strength of their beliefs and their (the human) degree of commitment to their utterance. We explore only the perspective of th...

Purpose. Research suggests that offender spatial decision-making is not random. However, little is known about if or how offences in a series influence where an offender will target next. Drawing on concepts and empirical findings from environmental criminology and the ecology literature, in this article I considerwhat spatial patternsmight be expected in the sequential crimes committed by seri...

We were the unwanted, unneeded, and unseen, invisible to all but ourselves. Less than nothing, we also saw nothing as crouched blindly in unlit belly of our ark, 150 us sweating a space not meant for mammals fish sea. With waves driving from side side, spoke native tongues. For some, this prayer; others, curses. When change motion shuttled vessel more forcefully, one few sailors among whispered...