The European Union (EU) has recently introduced the Deforestation Regulation to close regulatory gaps in sustainability and legality of global forest agricultural commodity supply chains. We analyze this policy change by drawing on accountability scholarship institutionalist theories regulation. Our results show that aims enhance corporate mechanisms through mostly state-based hard regulation c...

Abstract The focus of this research is on analysing the effects institutional quality and trade agreements Indonesia bilateral in four commodity groups era global value chain (GVC). Employing a panel data gravity model Indonesian export commodities to Indonesia’s trading partners from 2000 2018 estimating Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Method (PPML),...

The past decade has seen a sharp increase in the level and volatility of commodity prices (Graph 1). This has occurred alongside a sharp increase in commodity demand from emerging market economies, but also in parallel with a rapid increase in both commodity derivatives trading and financial investor activity in commodity markets (Domanski and Heath 2007; Dwyer, Gardner and Williams 2011). That...

Since the early 1990s, an increasing number of countries worldwide have liberalized their electricity power sectors. Contrary to before, when power sectors were not open to competition and prices were set by regulators according to the cost of generation, transmission and distribution, electricity prices are now determined by an equilibrium of supply and demand. On one hand, electricity contrac...

A sharp increase in the popularity of commodity investing in the past decade has triggered an unprecedented inflow of institutional funds into commodity futures markets. Such financialization of commodities coincided with significant booms and busts in commodity markets, raising concerns of policymakers. In this paper, we explore the effects of financialization in a model that features institut...