Sensitization of purinergic P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) is a major mechanism contributing to injury-induced exaggerated pain responses. We showed in a previous study that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (Epac1) in rat sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) is upregulated after inflammatory injury, and it plays a critical role in P2X3R sensitization b...

The serological relationship between the two vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) strains Indiana (VSV-Ind) and New Jersey (VSV-NJ) were analyzed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoglobulin G responses, defined by their resistance to treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, were assessed by ELISA by using sucrose gradient-purified VSV or purified VSV glycoproteins (G) as antigens...

Breiman (1996), in an important contribution to the eld of classi cation, introduced the notion of resampling for improving classi cation rules. Freund and Schapire (1996) developed an other algorithm that exploits the resampling. This paper presents a Jackknife-type approach combined with the Freund and Schapire (FS) method. We propose and explore some alternatives to this algorithm and nd tha...

Microspheres composed of biocompatible, biodegradable poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (DL-PLG) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid were evaluated as a vaccine delivery system when subcutaneously injected into mice. As measured by circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antitoxin titers, the delivery of SEB toxoid via DL-PLG microspheres, 1 to 10 microns in diameter, induced an immune respons...

When mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain BCG were inoculated intravenously with old tuberculin (OT) or living BCG cells, both migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interferon appeared in the circulation within a few hours. In such animals, which showed delayed hypersensitivity by footpad tests, as little as 1.5 mg of OT or as few as 1.7 x 10(6) bacteria per mouse were capable o...