in this paper we present the problem of designing a three level hub center network. in our network, the top level consists of a complete network where a direct link is between all central hubs.  the second and third levels consist of star networks that connect the hubs to central hubs and the demand nodes to hubs and thus to central hubs, respectively. we model this problem in an incomplete net...

Two strains of Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 Inaba were isolated from eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, collected from estuarine waters in Florida during April 1980. The oyster meats and waters from which the oysters were collected had low fecal coliform counts, and the area had no prior evidence of sewage contamination.

The effect of sewage sludge fertilization on nitrogen and sulphur content in maize was assessed in a pot experiment conducted in 2003-2005. The experimental design comprised the following treatments in four replications on three soils: treatment without fertilizer – (0); mineral fertilization – (NPK); farmyard manure – (FYM); sewage sludge A – (SSA); a mixture of sewage sludge A with peat – (MS...

Viable Legionella pneumophila bacteria were isolated by amoebal coculture from pluvial floods after intense rainfall and from water collected at sewage treatment plants. Several isolated L. pneumophila strains belonged to sequence types that have been previously identified in patients.

in order to investigate distribution status of heavy metals in cropping systems of water logging and dry farming, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of sari agricultural science and natural resources university. a paddy-soil considered for water logging system and the planted field with vegeta...

Mangroves are threatened ecosystems that provide numerous ecosystem services, especially through their wide biodiversity, and their bioremediation capacity is a challenging question in tropical areas. In a mangrove in Mayotte, we studied the potential role of microbial biofilm communities in removing nutrient loads from pre-treated wastewater. Microbial community samples were collected from tre...

Here, we describe the complete genome sequence of the Escherichia coli bacteriophage ZG49, isolated from a sewage sample. ZG49 is a linear double-stranded DNA T7-like podophage, with a genome of 40,291 bp, containing 44 predicted open reading frames.

Several electroplating industry including agricultural sector industries, sewage treatment and mining operations all combine to generate hazardous waste water containing enormous amounts of toxic heavy metals. The accumulation of toxic heavy metals in human beings and animals cause many metabolic disorders. Heavy metal concentration was estimated in sewage, sludge and electroplating wastewater ...