Abstract (1) Suppose that you care only about speaking the truth, and are confident some particular deterministic theory is true. If someone asks whether true, rationally required to answer ‘yes’? (2) face a problem in which (as Newcomb's problem) one of your options – call it ‘taking two boxes’ causally dominates other option. Are take boxes? Those us attracted causal decision under pressure ‘...

This paper draws on the Dutch theologian Herman Bavinck's (1854–1921) views of conscience and confession faith to articulate a dynamic view confessing with free conscience. It will argue that genuine ecclesial must be coupled believer's in actualized Christ obedience word God. confession—that is, one's life as whole—indicates incorporates not only community but also world. As such, although dif...