Recently R. M. Wilson used Fleck’s congruence and Weisman’s extension to present a useful lemma on polynomials modulo prime powers, and applied this lemma to reprove the Ax-Katz theorem on solutions of congruences modulo p and deduce various results on codewords in p-ary linear codes with weights. In light of the recent generalizations of Fleck’s congruence given by D. Wan, and D. M. Davis and ...

We prove a q-analog of a classical binomial congruence due to Ljunggren which states that ap bp ! ≡ a b ! modulo p for primes p > 5. This congruence subsumes and builds on earlier congruences by Babbage, Wolstenholme and Glaisher for which we recall existing q-analogs. Our congruence generalizes an earlier result of Clark. Résumé. Nous démontrons un q-analogue d’une congruence binomiale classiq...

The definition of open bisimilarity on the χ-processes does not give rise to a sensible relation on the χ-processes with the mismatch operator. The paper proposes ground open congruence as a principal open congruence on the χ-processes with the mismatch operator. The algebraic properties of the ground congruence is studied. The paper also takes a close look at barbed congruence. This relation i...

in this paper, we define the notions of fuzzy congruence relations and fuzzy convex subalgebras on a commutative residuated lattice and we obtain some related results. in particular, we will show that there exists a one to one correspondence between the set of all fuzzy congruence relations and the set of all fuzzy convex subalgebras on a commutative residuated lattice. then we study fuzzy...

Let p be any prime, and let α and n be nonnegative integers. Let r ∈ Z and f (x) ∈ Z[x]. We establish the congruence p deg f k≡r (mod p α) n k (−1) k f k − r p α ≡ 0 mod p ∞ i=α ⌊n/p i ⌋ (motivated by a conjecture arising from algebraic topology), and obtain the following vast generalization of Lucas' theorem: If α > 1 and l, s, t are nonnegative integers with s, t < p, then 1 ⌊n/p α−1 ⌋! k≡r (...

Recently R. M. Wilson used Fleck’s congruence and Weisman’s extension to present a useful lemma on polynomials modulo prime powers, and applied this lemma to reprove the Ax-Katz theorem on solutions of congruences modulo p and deduce various results on codewords in p-ary linear codes with weights. In light of the recent generalizations of Fleck’s congruence given by D. Wan, and D. M. Davis and ...

This paper examines how users of anthropomorphised artificially intelligent (AI) agents, which possess capabilities to mimic humanlike behaviour, relate psychologically such agents in terms their self-concept. The proposed conceptual framework specifies different levels anthropomorphism AI and, drawing on insights from psychology, marketing and human–computer interaction literature, establishes...

The relationship between phylogenetic accuracy and congruence between data partitions collected from the same taxa was explored for mitochondrial DNA sequences from two well-supported vertebrate phylogenies. An iterative procedure was adopted whereby accuracy, phylogenetic signal, and congruence were measured before and after modifying a simple reconstruction model, equally weighted parsimony. ...

Flat iteration is a variation on the original binary version of the Kleene star operation P Q, obtained by restricting the rst argument to be a sum of atomic actions. It generalizes pre x iteration, in which the rst argument is a single action. Complete nite equational axiomatizations are given for ve notions of bisimulation congruence over basic CCS with at iteration, viz. strong congruence, b...