Neural imaging studies have found the connection between strabismus and brain cortex. However, the pathological mechanisms of intermittent exotropia are still not fully understood. In the present study, changes of binocular fusion related cortices in intermittent exotropia were investigated with blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Activated cortices induced by fu...

In clinical diagnosis, we often imbue medical disorders with distinct personalities based on a constellation of findings with little understanding of their underlying causes. Our purpose here is to juxtapose intermittent exotropia and accommodative esotropia and to consider the possibility that they represent a continuum of horizontal deviation, rather than distinct mechanisms of disease. Over ...

The purposes of this study were to examine whether body sway is altered immediately after strabismus surgery in children and to find preoperative clinical factors associated with body sway. In a prospective study, body sway was measured on 1-3 days before surgery and on the third day after surgery; for the measurements, computerized static stabilometry was carried out on 28 consecutive patients...

PURPOSE To compare long-term surgical outcomes after bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLR) and unilateral lateral rectus recession-medial rectus resection (RR) for the treatment of basic-type intermittent exotropia. METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent BLR or RR for treatment of intermittent exotropia between 1999 and 2010 and underwent ≥5 years of follow-up were recruited for this s...

PURPOSE To describe the long-term surgical outcomes of bilateral lateral rectus recession in patients with intermittent exotropia. METHODS Retrospective review of 18 patients diagnosed with intermittent exotropia between 1995 and 2005 who underwent surgical treatment in the Ramon y Cajal Hospital. RESULTS Of the 18 patients with intermittent exotropia, 50% were basic subtype. All of them un...

PURPOSE To determine the clinical course of recurrent exotropia after a secondary operation for exotropia. METHODS The surgical results in 58 patients who had undergone reoperation for recurrent exotropia (reoperation group) were retrospectively investigated and compared with those of 100 patients who had undergone primary strabismus surgery only (primary operation group) using survival analy...

BACKGROUND: This survey was performed to determine the effect of unilateral lateral rectus recession in treatment of moderate angle intermittent exotropia. However, this type of operation and its long term results in patients with moderate angle exotropia have not yet been studied in Iran. METHODS: Forty patients with basic type intermittent exotropia with moderate angle deviation (25-30∆D) wer...

We congratulate Yu et al. for their successful results where they evaluated the pattern distribution and the changes of strabismus surgery in pediatric population [1]. The authors observed that surgery for childhood exotropia was more common than surgery for esotropia in China and they stated that strabismus type and onset age were found to be associated with binocular function for subjects wit...