Sludge dewatering and treatment may cost as much as the wastewater treatment. Usually large proportion of the pollutants in wastewater is organic. They are attacked by saprophytic microorganisms, i.e. organisms that feed upon dead organic matter. Activity of organisms causes decomposition of organic matter and destroys them, where the bacteria convert the organic matter or other constituents in...

The SAPICO2 project is an INTERREG IVA cross channel collaboration established to develop new technologies utilising accelerated carbonation for the creation of eco-construction materials from solid wastes. Over three phases, the project has identified carbon dioxide reactivity of solid wastes, produced prototype-construction materials (from these wastes), and manufactured bulk samples of carbo...

The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Indiana Department of transportation. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. A section of road was constructed in Northeastern Indiana in the s...

Environmental problems have been considered as a serious situation in Hong Kong, in which waste management is pressing harder in comparing with the practices of air, water and noise pollution. Reuse, recycling and reduce the construction materials has been encouraged for many years; however, it is still not used for many construction site activities. In motivating the construction workers to im...

Waste sorts were conducted during each of the four quarters (or seasons) of 1996 at the City of Columbia Sanitary Landfill. A detailed physical sampling protocol was outlined. Weight fractions of 32 waste components were quantified from all geographic areas that contribute to the Columbia Sanitary Landfill using a two-way stratification method, which accounted for variations in geographical reg...

The construction industry generates a considerable amount of waste. Faced with this undesirable situation, the ready-mix concrete sector, in particular, has invested energy and resources into reusing its own waste in its production process as it works towards the goal of more sustainable construction. This study examines the feasibility of incorporating two types of concrete waste, which curren...

Materials and energy used for the construction of modern waste incineration plants were quantified. The data was collected from five incineration plants (72,000-240,000 tonnes per year) built in Scandinavia (Norway, Finland and Denmark) between 2006 and 2012. Concrete for the buildings was the main material used amounting to 19,000-26,000 tonnes per plant. The quantification further included si...