This paper discusses the endeavours of policy makers to come to some degree of wage coordination among EU countries, aiming at aligning nominal wage growth with labour productivity growth at the national levels. In this context, we analyse the nominal wage and productivity developments in Germany, the European Union’s periphery countries Greece, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain along with the US fo...

The wetting behaviour and associated pressure effect of water in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It is found that water molecules can enter SWCNTs via surface diffusion, and the effective infiltration rate increases with pressure. The effect of pressure on infiltration rate is highly non-linear, exhibiting characteristics of ...

How the contact behaviours of steel engineering surfaces with different roughnesses ( R a = 0.1, 0.6 and 1.0 μm) are affected by asperity work-hardening deformation regime described here. Large values plasticity index Ψ between 20 50 indicate that all should undergo full plastic deformation. However, in loading range up to yield stress (on nominal area) rough exhibited at least 10% elastic defo...

Cardiac tamponade following sternal puncture is fatal and is caused by an anomaly such as foramen sterni, fragility of the bone, or high pressure exerted by doctors on the bone. Contact pressure associated with bone marrow aspiration is unknown; therefore, we examined the contact pressure resulting from bone marrow puncture for aspiration. Prescale, a pressure-sensitive film, was used for measu...

Purpose. To investigate static upper eyelid pressure and contact with the ocular surface in a group of young adult subjects. Methods. Static upper eyelid pressure was measured for 11 subjects using a piezoresistive pressure sensor attached to a rigid contact lens. Measures of eyelid pressure were derived from an active pressure cell (1.14-mm square) beneath the central upper eyelid margin. To i...

This paper shows the mixed lubrication analysis between the vane tip and rolling piston in a rotary refrigerant compressor, coupling the motion equations of vane and rolling piston, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) analysis of line contact and the equations of viscosity characteristics of lubricating oil as a function of oil pressure, oil temperature and concentration of refrigerant. Th...

The 16-station, computer-controlled RandomPOD wear test device was re-designed into a friction measurement device, Friction RandomPOD. motion implemented by servo-electric x-y-stage and the load proportional-pneumatic. direction of sliding, velocity ( v ), acceleration, magnitude L ) varied randomly continuously. nominal contact pressure p between 0 2.4 MPa 40 mm/s. In first version frictional ...

In this paper, a nominal sensor placement methodology for leak location in Water Distribution Networks is presented. To reduce the size and the complexity of the optimization problem a clustering technique is combined with the nominal sensor placement methodology. Some of the pressure sensor placement methods for leak detection and location in water distribution networks are based on the pressu...