In this paper, membrane current properties of the fully-grown oocytes from toad, Bufo bufo gargarizans, were studied by using two-microelectrode voltage clamp technique. Axion of adult female toad was destroyed, and then ovarian lobes containing oocytes in stage I to VI were removed and incubated in Ca(2+)-free ND96 solution with collagenase (1.5 mg/ml) for 1 h. Subsequently, the oocytes were w...

This paper presents approaches to automated content scoring of spoken language test responses from non-native speakers of English which contain multiple parts addressing factual information that the test taker has previously heard via auditory stimulus materials. While previous work relating to content scoring of spontaneous, unpredictable speech has focused only on entire responses and on gene...

This paper describes a simple means for embedding a checksum within a FITS header, providing a mechanism for later verifying the integrity of the FITS le. The method uses ASCII coded 32-bit 1's complement arithmetic to force the checksum of each FITS HDU to zero. This technique requires no extension of the FITS standard to be used by any given project, in fact the technique may be used to zero ...

The second author’s ω, ∆, χ conjecture proposes that every graph satisties χ ≤ d 1 2 (∆ + 1 + ω)e. In this paper we prove that the conjecture holds for all claw-free graphs. Our approach uses the structure theorem of Chudnovsky and Seymour. Along the way we discuss a stronger local conjecture, and prove that it holds for claw-free graphs with a three-colourable complement. To prove our results ...

Many factors influence physical properties of edible composite films fabricated from hydrocolloids and lipids. Novel edible emulsified films were made using PGP, glycerol and stearic (SA) or oleic (OA) fatty acids by Tween-80 addition and emulsification of filmogenic solutions. In this study, the effect of physical state of fatty acids on the pistachio globulin protein (PGP) edible film prop...

We investigate the problem of sentence-level supporting argument detection from relevant documents for user-specified claims. A dataset containing claims and associated citation articles is collected from online debate website idebate.org. We then manually label sentence-level supporting arguments from the documents along with their types as STUDY, FACTUAL, OPINION, or REASONING. We further cha...

This paper advocates a basic distinction between two epistemic operations called focusing and revision, which can be defined in any, symbolic or numerical, representation framework which is rich enough for acknowledging the difference between factual evidence and generic knowledge. Revision amounts to modifying the generic knowledge when receiving new pieces of generic knowledge (or the factual...