OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of venous thromboembolism from use of combined oral contraceptives according to progestogen type and oestrogen dose. DESIGN National historical registry based cohort study. SETTING Four registries in Denmark. PARTICIPANTS Non-pregnant Danish women aged 15-49 with no history of thrombotic disease and followed from January 2001 to December 2009. MAIN OUTCOME M...

background: when family planning programmes offer a wide variety of contraceptives, contraceptive prevalence would be higher overall. objective: to determine the acceptability of cyclofem© and to evaluate its side effects and continuation rate in iran. materials and methods: an introductory study of cyclofem© was conducted in seven districts of kerman province, the largest province of iran, in ...

Background Contraceptives are advocated to be used against unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases as unsafe abortion contributes to high maternal mortality in Nigeria while unwanted pregnancies have terminated the educational development of many females. Objective This questionnaire-based survey aimed to describe the knowledge, nonuse, and use of various contraceptive methods am...

background : irregular population growth is considered as a serious threat to the international community and is also a major obstacle for nations’ social and economic development. thus, one of the ways to have a healthy community is to control the population and provide safe and effective contraceptive methods. hormonal contraceptives are the most effective method of birth spacing. the present...

Each year an estimated 333 million new cases of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur worldwide with the highest rates among young people. Risk behavior and subsequent STIs, unwanted pregnancies and subsequent criminal abortions are fuelling the already excessive maternal mortality and morbidity rates in developing countries. Yet only a minority of young people have access to any...

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-related pelvic pain is a common condition, and use of hormonal contraceptives before pregnancy has been proposed as a risk factor. We used data from a sub-sample of women participating in the "Norwegian Women and Cancer study" (NOWAC) to assess the association between hormonal contraceptive use and pelvic pain in pregnancy. METHODS: From a sub-group of 2078 parous women pa...

The exponential growth of the human population in a growing nation like India is one its most serious issues. Contraceptives that are readily available and acceptable required many poorer countries to reduce all prevent maternal morbidity mortality arising from unintended pregnancies. Worldwide, women consume contraceptives at rate about 90%. Commercially birth control tablets deleterious women...

Analysis of the 1993 National Demographic Survey in the Philippines has uncovered regional variations in fertility-related behavior. The total fertility rate ranged from 2.8 in Manila to 5.9 in Bicol and averaged 4.1 for the entire country, but contraceptive prevalence rates were not highly correlated with total fertility (Manila showed the fifth highest prevalence, and Bicol the fifth lowest)...

physical child abuse is a psycho-social and health problem that has been ignored for many years. although the official report of child abuse ignored for many years, and the official reports of child abuse cases are very limited, but there are evidences that show the significant extent of physical child abuse prevalence rate in two regions of tehran, which are completely different in socioeconom...

Women’s socioeconomic position has a significant effect on health services use. With the nature of empowerment process in relation to improvements sexual and reproductive health, population-based contraceptive use is key determining growth human development index every country. We looked into effects women’s modern approaches birth control sub-Saharan African (SSA) women childbearing age. A sam...