Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) has been applied successfully in solving the Traveling Salesman Problem. Marco Dorigo et al. used Ant System (AS) to explore the Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem and found that the use of a small number of elitist ants can improve algorithm performance. The elitist ants take advantage of global knowledge of the best tour found to date and reinforce this tour wi...

We investigate examples of quasi-spectral triples over two-dimensional commutative sphere, which are obtained by modifying the order-one condition. We find quasi-Dirac operators and calculate the index paring with a representant of K-theory class to prove that the quasispectral triples are mutually inequivalent. MSC 2000: 58B34, 46L87, 34L40

We study reactions to entry in a Cournot model, contrasting the case where firms are endowed with unchangeable technologies against that where technologies are flexible. By the latter we mean that firms can change the installed production technique at zero cost (fully flexible technologies). We show that when firms are technologically flexible, entry can increase equilibrium prices. The analysi...

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In studies of radiation from partially coherent sources the so-called quasi-homogeneous (QH) model sources have been very useful, for instance in elucidating the behavior of fields produced by thermal sources. The analysis of the fields generated by such sources has, however, been largely carried out in the framework of scalar wave theory. In this paper we generalize the concept of the QH sourc...

We extend the definition of quasi-finite complexes by considering not necessarily countable complexes. We provide a characterization of quasi-finite complexes in terms of L-invertible maps and dimensional properties of compactifications. Several results related to the class of quasi-finite complexes are established, such as completion of metrizable spaces, existence of universal spaces and a ve...

A novel multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) is developed based on Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), a newly introduced evolutionary algorithm (EA). Fast non-dominated sorting and the Sigma method are employed for ranking the solutions. The algorithm is tested on six well-known test functions each of them incorporate a particular feature that may cause difficulty to MOEAs. The n...

The motivation to engage students has been a challenge in teaching and learning statistics. This study investigates the effectiveness of online peer learning in enhancing students’ academic achievement and promoting their motivation. The researcher employed a quasi-nonequivalent (preand posttest) control group design to investigate the effectiveness of online peer learning. The participants in ...

49 Any real-world optimization problem involves several objectives. Chemical engineering is no exception. Chemical processes, such as distillation (Figure 1), refinery operations, polymerization, etc., involve a number of process parameters which are to be set for achieving certain properties in the final product. Often such a process is modelled using a number of differential and/or algebraic ...