Recent observational analysis reveals the central role of three multi-cloud types, congestus, stratiform, and deep convective cumulus clouds, in the dynamics of large scale convectively coupled Kelvin waves, westward propagating two-day waves, and the Madden–Julian oscillation. The authors have recently developed a systematic model convective parametrization highlighting the dynamic role of the...

--Free-living Rock Doves (Colurnba livia) were observed roosting throughout he day on ledges in a canyon in the Negev Desert. Potential thermoregulatory behaviors were recorded, including movement between sites in order to remain in the shade, the adoption of postures minimizing energy expenditure (and enhancing convective cooling), feather erection consistent with the cutaneous evaporation of ...

Eight years of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) data show how convective systems of different types contribute to precipitation of the South Asian monsoon. The main factor determining the amount of precipitation coming from a specific system is its horizontal size. Convective intensity and/or number of embedded convective cells further enhance its precipitatio...