International investment agreements have provoked intense criticism in the policy debate during recent years. Particularly contentious has been their “ISDS” mechanisms, which enable investors to bring disputes against host countries. This paper examines whether countries would be better off with state-state dispute settlement (SSDS), as often alleged, assuming that SSDS cause political/diplomat...

Psychobiotics are a special class of probiotics that have beneficial effect on human mental health. During the last decade, convincing evidence has emerged gut microbiome influences health, cognitive abilities (learning and memory), behavioral processes through neurological, metabolic, hormonal, immunological signaling pathways. This review provides available information mechanisms regulation n...

Gastric mucosal integrity can be influenced both by peripheral and central mechanisms. In the last decades the peripheral mechanisms of gastric mucosal defense have been intensively studied, and many details have been clarified. Some of these results have served as a basis for the development of new strategies, therapeutic targets in the treatment of gastric mucosal lesions. On the other hand, ...

Background: Although there is convincing data in support of the effectiveness of hyperthermia in tumor therapy, the molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of hyperthermia are still poorly understood. Objective: To investigate natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity against heat-treated SW-872 and HeLa tumor cell lines. Methods: NKG2D ligands and HLA class I transcription were examin...

Comparative analysis of the roles of explanation and meta explanation is conducted assessing the validity of explanation exchanged between human agents. Meta explanation links the overall structure of a current scenario with that of previously learned scenarios of multi agent interaction. The scenario structure includes communicative actions of involved agents and argumentation attack relations...