Similarity measures are an important tool in pattern recognition and medical diagnosis. To overcome some disadvantages of existing cosine similarity measures for simplified neutrosophic sets (SNSs) in vector space, this paper proposes improved cosine similarity measures for SNSs based on the cosine function, including single valued neutrosophic cosine similarity measures and interval neutrosoph...

We study factorization techniques and performance of Discrete Cosine Transforms of various sizes (including nondyadic and odd numbers). In our construction we utilize an array of known techniques (such as Heideman's mapping between odd-sized DCT and DFT, Winograd fast DFT algorithms, prime-factoring, etc), and also propose a new decimation strategy for construction of even-sized scaled transfor...

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (OQPSK) are two wellaccepted modulation techniques used in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system. The Pulse-Shaping Filters play an important role in digital transmission. The type of Pulse-Shaping Filter used, and its behavior would influence the performance of the communication system. This in turn, would have...

A generals and an efficient design approach using radial basis function(RBF) neural classifier to cope with small training sets of high dimension , which is a problem frequently encountered in face recognition, is presented in this paper. In order to avoid over fitting and reduce the computational burden, face features are first extracted by the discrete cosine transform method since Principal ...

Objective: In pattern recognition and medical diagnosis, similarity measure is an important mathematical tool. To overcome some disadvantages of existing cosine similarity measures of simplified neutrosophic sets (SNSs) in vector space, this paper proposed improved cosine similarity measures of SNSs based on cosine function, including single valued neutrosophic cosine similarity measures and in...

Investigation of exhaust emissions and ammonia flow behavior in the system incorporating with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) unit is discussed. An aftertreatment designed to work without additional urea injection improve feasible temperature operating reduce size. This study focused on obtaining optimal parameters for catalysis using gaseus as reducing agent. Its effectiveness considered a...