This paper clarifies the picture about Dense-choice Counter Machines, which have been less studied than (discrete) Counter Machines. We revisit the definition of ”Dense Counter Machines” so that it now extends (discrete) Counter Machines, and we provide new undecidability and decidability results. Using the first-order additive mixed theory of reals and integers, we give a logical characterizat...

In this article, I propose a distinction between individual harm, collective harm and societal caused by artificial intelligence (AI), focus particularly on the latter. By listing examples identifying concerns, provide conceptualisation of AI’s so as to better enable its identification mitigation. Drawing an analogy with environmental law, which also aims protect interest affecting society at l...

In a one-counter automaton (OCA), one can produce a letter from some finite alphabet, increment and decrement the counter by one, or compare it with constants up to some threshold. It is well-known that universality and language inclusion for OCAs are undecidable. In this paper, we consider OCAs with counter observability: Whenever the automaton produces a letter, it outputs the current counter...

This paper estimates the markup for the Mexican manufacturing sector to detect the impact of trade liberalization on market power. Using Hall’s proposal that states that a procyclical Solow residual is an indication of market power, this research estimates the markup for different periods to detect the change in market power after trade liberalization was implemented. We account for the potenti...

coach's emotional intelligence inspires health and development of sport teams. balancing emotion and thought, emotional intelligence influences conflict conditions in workplace environment. the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management styles in the active karate coaches in isfahan province in 2012. 285 subjects were selected f...

introduction: emotion is fundamental to nursing practice and emotional intelligence is considered as an important characteristic of nurses that can affect the quality of their work including clinical decision-making, critical thinking, evidence and knowledge use in practice, etc. the aim of this research was to assess and compare emotional intelligence between freshman and senior baccalaureate ...

in diasporic literature the question of identity is tangled with the question of history. this study aims at discussing how yasmin crowther reviews the persian tradition in the saffron kitchen, her autobiographical novel which is mainly set-in early 60s, iran. the novel focuses on evoking and rewriting history by using different types of counter narratives that contrast with iranian hegemonic d...

objectives: skeletal-muscular disorders affect the biomechanics of the human body, especially the lower extremity, with a negative effect on the biomechanics of exercise. the main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fatigue on the kinematic variables of knee joints during countermovement jumps in female students of physical education with valgus knee deformity.  methods: fifteen sub...