explosion has always been regarded as one of the most complicated engineering problems. as a result, many engineers have preferred rather simplified empirical approaches in comparison to extremely complex deterministic analyses. in this paper, however, a numerical simulation based on the combined finite/discrete element methodology is presented for analyzing the dynamic behavior of fracturing r...

The major-to-ultratrace elements in human bone-marrow fluid were determined by ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). The bone-marrow fluid sample was centrifuged prior to acid digestion to exclude the bone piece from bone marrow, and then digested with nitric acid. As a result, 20 elements could be determine...

the present study investigates the accumulation of vanadium, iron, and nickel in different depths of soil in collection sites of oil sludge, in masjed soleyman oil and gas exploitation company, located in choob sorkh region. to conduct the research, four sampling points have been selected at the mentioned site, with one sampling point chosen outside the site, as the clean area. soil sampling ha...

The potential for microbially catalyzed NO3(-)-dependent oxidation of solid-phase Fe(II) compounds was examined using a previously described autotrophic, denitrifying, Fe(II)-oxidizing enrichment culture. The following solid-phase Fe(II)-bearing minerals were considered: microbially reduced synthetic goethite, two different end products of microbially hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) reduction (bioge...

A method for speciation and determination of low levels of dissolved iron in rainwater was established by coupling reverse flow injection analysis with a 2-m liquid waveguide capillary cell and spectrophotometric detection. Ferrozine solution was injected into a sample stream to form an Fe(II)-ferrozine complex with Fe(II), and the absorbance of this complex was detected at both 562 nm and 625 ...

A new optimisation method to find the global minimum of a cost function, named Coupled Local Minimisers (CLM), is presented. In CLM, several local optimisation processes are coupled, i.e. they interact and exchange information, resulting in better solutions than multi-start local optimisation with independent runs. The principal idea of CLM is worked out and illustrated with a mathematical test...

Although friction stir welding (FSW) has made its way to industrial application particularly in the last years, the FSW process, its influences and their strong interactions among themselves are still not thoroughly understood. This lack of understanding mainly arises from the adverse observability of the actual process with phenomena like material flow and deposition, large material deformatio...

Atmospheric iron (Fe) can be a significant source of nutrition for phytoplankton inhabiting remote oceans, which in turn has a large influence on the Earth’s climate. The bioavailability of Fe in aerosols depends mainly on the fraction of soluble Fe (= [FeSol]/[FeTotal], where [FeSol] and [FeTotal] are the atmospheric concentrations of soluble and total Fe, respectively). However, the numerous ...

Research methods that predict Fe bioavailability for humans can be extremely useful in evaluating food fortification strategies, developing Fe-biofortified enhanced staple food crops and assessing the Fe bioavailability of meal plans that include such crops. In this review, research from four recent poultry (Gallus gallus) feeding trials coupled with in vitro analyses of Fe-biofortified crops w...

In this paper, the reliability of capacitive shunt RF MEMS switches have been investigated using three dimensional (3D) coupled multiphysics finite element (FE) analysis. The coupled field analysis involved three consecutive multiphysics interactions. The first interaction is characterized as a two-way sequential electromagnetic (EM)-thermal field coupling. The second interaction represented a ...