Anonymous electronic payment systems are regarded as essential for the protection of the privacy of consumers participating in electronic transactions. In this paper, we present an electronic payment scheme which allows regular customers not only to get special rates from the merchant but also to be kept anonymous to the merchant.

The willingness to pay (WTP) for the maintenance of equity in a local ivermectin distribution scheme in the context of a community financing framework was determined in Toro, Northern Nigeria, using 214 randomly selected heads of households, or their representatives. Though WTP of the respondents for their own households was elicited, the focus of this paper is on WTP to maintain equity in a co...

this study is an attempt to apply the market timing andsecurity selection models to evaluate the performance of iranianmutual funds. the research shed light on the questions of ‘howsuccessful are mutual funds in earning excess returns over those of themarket?’ ‘do the excess returns during research period have anymeaningful trend for these financial intermediaries or is it the result ofthe abil...

Agrifood supply networks are dynamic structures where firms regularly face the need to search for new market partners. A decision for a transaction with a new partner requires appropriate control and safeguard mechanisms as well as trust to overcome perceived risk and uncertainties. Electronic transaction environments offer new potentials for the identification of new transaction partners. Howe...

Micropayments are electronic payments of small amount. Given their low value, the cost of the corresponding electronic transactions should also be kept low. Current micropayment schemes allow a regular amount of money withdrawn from a bank to be split into fixedvalue coupons, each of which is used for one micropayment. A more flexible mechanism is proposed in this paper, whereby coupons of vari...

the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of information delay on theperformance of joint investment funds. in order to achieve the aim of thisstudy sample consisted of twenty funds in the tehran stock exchange from2010 to 2014 the systematic elimination method has been adopted. in thisstudy, the linear regression test has been used in order to evaluate the researchhypothesis. data analys...

This paper analyzes hedge fund investors’ geographical preference and its implication for hedge fund performance. We document that funds of funds overweigh their investments in hedge funds located in the same cities by 6 to 15 percent. We also find that funds of funds with a stronger local bias exhibit superior performance. However, this local bias of funds of funds can adversely impact the hed...