The finite element (FE) method may suffer from numerical instability and mesh dependency when modelling the formation of shear bands using strain-softening constitutive models. Nonlocal methods have been shown to be capable avoiding these issues effectively. This paper proposes a novel generic algorithm for incorporating existing nonlocal into FE formulation elasto-plastic models with volumetri...

Brucellosis is worldwide zoonoses affecting 500,000 people annually with no approved human vaccines available. Live attenuated Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 protects cattle through CD4 and CD8 T-cell mediated responses. However, limited information is known regarding how Brucella stimulate innate immunity. Although the most critical toll like receptors (TLRs) involved in the recognition ...

the main objective of this study is to drive a simple solution for prediction of steel fiber reinforced concrete (sfrc) behavior under four point bending test (fpbt). in this model all the force components at the beam section (before and after cracking) are formulated by applying these assumptions: a bilinear elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain response for concrete behavior in compression,...