The field of English as a foreign language (EFL) strives to promote students' proficiency by equipping them with proper grammatical and lexical skills. However, EFL textbooks often neglect the teaching pragmatics which can lead cross-cultural communication failures for learners. learners struggle traditional approaches that prioritize development over pragmatic This paper aims address this gap ...

in this article an attempt has been made to observe and highlight the cultural differences that exist between developing countries and the more technologically advanced countries of the world. the paper attempts to delineate the impact of these differences on the believes, attitudes, emotional patterns, and their relevance for the planning and deliver of mental health services. it draws attenti...

spirituality is one of the dimensions of human health. religious spiritual characteristics including forgiveness, hope, transcendence, immanent and sense of integration to surroundings can cause better adjustment and more health and welfare in the life. there is a near relationship between culture and psychology. the aim of the present research was to study cross-cultural aspects of religious s...

The priority areas in the leprosy elimination programme are early case detection, case holding and consequently, the prevention of disabilities. In some countries, a significant number of cases do not seek treatment or seek treatment late, partly due to socio-cultural beliefs and stigma about leprosy. We review the literature on socio-cultural beliefs and stigma about leprosy and the interventi...

BACKGROUND The attitude of the general population towards people with intellectual disability (ID) provides important background for policy development. Furthermore, because of changes in attitudes across cultures, it is vital to ground policy development for each country in data from that country. AIMS This paper aimed to undertake a cross-cultural study, investigating attitudes to people wi...

This study used Loiacono’s WebQual TM scale to compare 278 US and 347 Korean Internet users in terms of their perceptions of retail website quality. The results of the study suggested that the dimensionality of website quality was not consistent across the two samples. This study also examined which dimensions of website quality influenced shoppers’ satisfaction with the site and purchase inten...

Although adolescents often experience insufficient and/or poor sleep, sleep variables such as total sleep time do not account for individuals' sleep need and sleep debt and may therefore be an inadequate representation of adolescents' sleep problems and its daytime consequences. This problem can be overcome by using the Chronic Sleep Reduction Questionnaire (CSRQ), an assessment tool that measu...

Grooming behaviours are thought to be a crucial aspect of parenting and integral to the sociality of non-human mammals, but there have been few empirical studies on how grooming might be relevant to parenting and socialization processes in humans. Study 1 is a quantitative cross-cultural comparison of grooming practices in two cultural settings: an urban centre in Burma (Myanmar) and an urban c...

OBJECTIVE Our research utilized two popular theoretical conceptualizations of implicit self-esteem: 1) implicit self-esteem as a global automatic reaction to the self; and 2) implicit self-esteem as a context/domain specific construct. Under this framework, we present an extensive search for implicit self-esteem measure validity among different cultural groups (Study 1) and under several experi...

Background Food allergic children are at least partially dependent on their parents to care for their food allergy. In addition, parents are often responsible for the education of others regarding food allergy, including the family, school, neighbours and friends. Aim of this study was to investigate food allergy knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of parents with food allergic children in the Net...