Two goal-related variables were examined as predictors of relationship quality. One was the perception of mutuality of goals held for the relationship; the other was the perception of progress regarding those relationship goals. a mediation model was considered whereby relationship goal mutuality predicted quality via perception of goal progress. Study 1 examined cross-sectional associations am...

Much advance has been made in the study of the new urbanization process in post reform China. But the resulting urban system in Guangdong province has not been thoroughly analyzed creating a knowledge gap between the new urbanization process and the new urban system. This paper attempts to reveal the emerging urban system hierarchy in the 1990s in Guangdong province under socialist market econo...

A Bayesian optimal hedging model is developed to quantitatively analyze selective hedging behavior. Numerical results confirm that subjective market views can have a substantial impact on a hedger’s optimal position. The impact is most evident when the hedger speculates on future market price directions and/or is pessimistic about the effectiveness of hedging, i.e., a breakdown in the correlati...

OBJECTIVES To examine factors that impact on breastfeeding duration among Western Australian Aboriginal children. We hypothesised that Aboriginal children living in remote locations in Western Australia were breastfed for longer than those living in metropolitan locations. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2000 to 2002 in urban, rural and remote settings acr...

We examine the efficiency of using individual stocks or portfolios as base assets to test asset pricing models using cross-sectional data. The literature has argued that creating portfolios reduces idiosyncratic volatility and allows more precise estimates of factor loadings, and consequently risk premia. We show analytically and empirically that smaller standard errors of portfolio beta estima...

A life history can be regarded as a random process that evolves with age through various states of health before terminating with absorption into the state of death. Health expectancies are the occupation times of the non-absorbing states and their estimation is of interest. A continuing major problem has been the lack of satisfactory longitudinal data on which to base estimates and as a result...

OBJECTIVES This paper aimed to explore the association between rurality and (1) household smoking status and (2) home second-hand smoke exposure, in households with children aged 0-14 years. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Households across Australia. PARTICIPANTS Households across the country were randomly selected to provide a nationally representative sample. Respondents were per...

The shape of the vocal tract was analyzed from both morphological and acoustic perspectives for ten male speakers of Japanese. A volumetric MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) measurement was performed while each speaker uttered each of the five Japanese vowels. The cross-sectional vocal-tract area function was computed from the MRI dataset and the resulting 50 vocal-tract shapes were analyzed sta...

According to different studies of the infant cry, the sub-harmonic components or double series of fundamental frequency as a rule does not occur in the crying of healthy neonates. An acoustic analysis was made of three samples of cry signal (continuous signal or several short phonations), and six phonations of the vowel /a/ by pre-school children with dysphonia and by school children with Down ...

To investigate the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on the likelihood of Japanese preschool children being overweight, population-based cross-sectional survey data from M town in Japan were used. Using the population registry of this town, all 616 preschool children were identified, and a self-administered questionnaire was sent to their parents. The exposure variable of interest was exclusive...