Two important functions of testis are production of spermatozoa and synthesis of steroids. These functions depend on anatomical, hormonal and constitutional homeostasis and begin during the first stage of gestation. Cryptorchidism can be defined as an abnormal localization of one or both testes. It’s the failure of one or both testes descent into the scrotal sac. The third trimester in humans i...

Heiko Traupe, Universitäts-Hautklinik, Von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, D–4400 Münster (FRG); Rudolf Happle, Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, NL-6524 Nijmegen (The Netherlands) Sir, The data of Unamuno et al. [8] on the high incidence of cryptorchidism in X-linked recessive ichthyosis are of considerable interest, in particular to those concerned with pediatric dermatol...

persistent mullerian duct syndrome in a 71-year-old man, case report h. salehi md , m.r. vatani baf md received:27/06/06 sent for revision: 11/10/06 received revised manuscript: 07/02/07 accepted: 12/02/07 background and objective: normal sexual differentiation occurs in the 6th embryonic week and in a normal embryonic life. both wolffian and mullerian ducts are present until the onset of sexua...

Splenogonadal fusion is a very rare congenital anomaly which often manifests as a scrotal mass and rarely as cryptorchidism. It can be of continuous and discontinuous type based on the presence of a band of connecting splenic tissue. We report a rare case of discontinuous type of splenogonadal fusion in an adolescent male presenting as cryptorchidism. We emphasize the computed tomographic findi...

Cryptorchidism is a known predisposing factor for the development of testicular tumors in adults. Age of patient at the time of treatment of undescended testes has some bearing on the risk of neoplasia. Testicular neoplasia at the time of primary surgery for cryptorchidism has been reported rarely in prepubertal period. We report a case where embryonal carcinoma was detected in a cryptorchid te...

UNLABELLED The testis descends in two phases. Animal studies suggest, that the transabdominal descent of the testis depends on the insulin-like hormone 3 (INSL3). Androgens are important in the inguinoscrotal testicular descent in animals and humans. In general, the cause of cryptorchidism is unknown and the aetiology is possibly multifactorial. Histological changes in cryptorchid testes demons...

Pituitaries were collected from intact rams and rams that had been rendered bilaterally cryptorchid by surgery to examine the effects of cryptorchidism on gonadotropin heterogeneity, levels of uncombined luteinizing hormone (LH) subunits, and the apparent molecular sizes of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Cryptorchid rams had higher pituitary contents of LH and FSH as well as reduced...

Undescended testes can be found in the inguinal channel or in the abdomen. Rarely, undescended testes can present with transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) and very rarely, with residual Müllerian duct (MD) structures. This latter presentation is called persistent MD syndrome (PMDS). PMDS is mostly discovered during surgery for inguinal hernia or cryptorchidism. TTE is a rare congenital anomaly ...

UNLABELLED Undescended testis is a common finding in boys, and the majority of cases have no discernible aetiology. There are unexplained geographical differences and temporal trends in its prevalence. Cryptorchidism, especially bilateral, is associated with impaired spermatogenesis and endocrine function and increases the risk of testicular cancer. There is an urgent need to identify factors t...

Cryptorchidism is the most common congenital anomaly present at birth in males. Spontaneous testicular descent occurs in the majority of patients, typically before 6 months of age. Radiology plays an important role, predominantly in the assessment of the nonpalpable testis, with ultrasound being the most commonly employed modality. Magnetic resonance imaging is however the most accurate modalit...