Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration (4). During the study period, 38 cases of cryptosporidiosis and 943 cases of shigellosis were reported in Baltimore. Temperature was strongly seasonal; precipitation was not. A dry period during 1999 was observed. No seasonal cryptosporidiosis patterns were identifiable. Two outbreaks of shigellosis occurred; in 2000 (≈50 cases) and 2002–2004 (≈870 cases)....

Cryptosporidium spp. is under recognized as an important pathogen causing diarrhea in children and HIV-infected individuals with associated high morbidity and mortality. In endemic areas, most symptomatic infections are in childhood and in immunocompromised adults. The immune status of the host plays a critical role in determining the severity of cryptosporidiosis. Infection is self-limited in ...

Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum are the primary species of Cryptosporidium that infect humans. C. hominis has an anthroponotic transmission cycle, while C. parvum is zoonotic, infecting cattle and other ruminants, in addition to humans. Most cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in the United States have been caused by C. hominis, and this species is often reported as the primary cause...

A case-control study was conducted to investigate the cause of a sudden increase in cases of cryptosporidiosis notified to the Brisbane Southside Public Health Unit from January to March 1998. Fifty-two eligible cases were identified over a three-week period early in 1998. Thirty-one of these cases and 21 control subjects participated in the study. Swimming in the 2 weeks before onset of illnes...

Cryptosporidiosis emergence triggered the screening of many compounds for potential anti-cryptosporidial activity in which the majority were ineffective. The outbreak of cryptosporidiosis which occurred in Milwaukee in 1993 was not only the first significant emergence of Cryptosporidium spp. as a major human pathogen but also a huge waterborne outbreak thickening thousands of people from a majo...

A prospective study on prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis was carried out in Bungoma County, Kenya. A total of 712 fecal samples from children up to five years of age were collected, from four Hospitals during a 30 month period covering January 2011 to June 2013. Overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 5.06%. Cryptosporidiosis was significantly associated with diarrhea (P =...

there have been a few reports from iran concerning infection by cryptosporidium species, but they have referred particularly to infection in animals and their handlers. this study of infection in humans was carried out over a two year period in a large urban area in a cold region of western iran. 554 stool specimens were examined with modified ziehl - n eelson (mzn) staining for cryptosporidium...

The risk factors for acquisition of cryptosporidial infection in resource-poor settings are poorly understood. A nested case-control study was conducted to assess factors associated with childhood cryptosporidiosis (detected by stool polymerase chain reaction) in an endemic, Indian slum community using data from two community-based studies with 580 children followed prospectively until their se...

Cryptosporidium spp. are important emerging pathogens that can cause infections in humans, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Treatment of diseased calves that shed the infectious stage of the protozoon is critically important to prevent contamination by Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. The objective of this study was to determine if a combination of azithromycin and toltrazuril provides a b...

Cryptosporidiosis is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by Cryptosporidium spp for both human and animals. Typically, the duration of diarrhoeal illness and ultimate outcome of intestinal cryptosporidiosis depend on the immune status of the patient. Random serology-based studies in humans and animals have suggested that infection with this organism is common during a life time. 130 serum sample...