In this paper the authors have developed an isolated network for very low voltage (VLV) decentralized energy production and storage based on renewable energy (hybrid system: photovoltaic and wind). An energy based model of stand-alone hybrid photovoltaic-wind generating system is presented, using bond graph approach. An equivalent average modeling of a hybrid photovoltaic-wind generating system...

In this paper, analyzing the operation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based stand alone wind power system with Sensorless Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and a system for storing energy during wind speed and load variations. In standalone system, power, balance and power quality require the energy storage system. In conventional systems, MPPT depends on wind turbine para...

The aerodynamic admittance function (AAF) has been widely invoked to relate wind pressures on building surfaces to the oncoming wind velocity. In current practice, strip and quasi-steady theories are generally employed in formulating wind effects in the along-wind direction. These theories permit the representation of the wind pressures on building surfaces in terms of the oncoming wind velocit...

In the current engineering practices, buildings are commonly designed for an effective lifetime of 50 years. This lifetime can increase the cost of buildings with short lifetimes and can reduce the safety level of buildings with large lifetimes. In this paper, a “service-life factor” has been defined. Applying this factor into the nominal values of live, earthquake, wind, and snow loads, the ef...

In the current engineering practices, buildings are commonly designed for an effective lifetime of 50 years. This lifetime can increase the cost of buildings with short lifetimes and can reduce the safety level of buildings with large lifetimes. In this paper, a “service-life factor” has been defined. Applying this factor into the nominal values of live, earthquake, wind, and snow loads, the ef...

The problem of control associated wind energy conversion systems using horizontal-axis fixed-pitch variable speed low-power, working in the partial load region, consisting in the energy conversion maximization, is approached here under the assumption that the wind turbine model and its parameters are poorly known. Intelligent gradient detection method by using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT...

Modern wind turbines have been steadily increasing in size, and have now become very large, with recent models boasting rotor diameters greater than 120 m. Reducing the loads experienced by the wind turbine rotor blades is one means of lowering the cost of energy of wind turbines. Wind turbines are subjected to significant and rapid fluctuating loads, which arise from a variety of sources inclu...