a wind turbine transformer (wtt) is designed using a 3d wound core while the transformer’s total owning cost (toc) and its inrush current performance realized as the two objective functions in a multi-objective optimization process. multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to derive pareto optimal solutions. the effects of inrush current improvement on other operating and design parameters...

When the harmonic spectrum is known, or at least can be measured with a certain reliability or predicted, the additional losses can be easily calculated. The process of calculation should be made through the following steps: 1. Determination of all the components of additional losses due to the presence of harmonics. 2. Determination of the harmonic spectrum, either by measurement or by estimat...

Traditional DC-DC Boost converters are used in high voltage applications, but they are not economical due to limited output voltage, large voltage ripples, current ripples and power losses. A closed loop control scheme for a simple DC-DC Boost converter in designed and the performance characteristics are studied using MATLAB simulink. The performance of the controller is also studied for variou...

This paper introduces a feedforward charge control method, which controls the displacement by the amount of current fed to the actuator. The method includes estimation and compensation of the power losses occurring in the actuator. Power losses are estimated with an experimentally created dynamic model, that does not include the load and self heating effects. Even though the method is based on ...

The critical currents and self-field ac losses of YBa2Cu3Oy coated conductors and (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes were measured at several temperatures between 45 K and the respective critical temperature. The temperature dependence of ac losses was measured at 50 Hz using the lock-in method for a transport current. The frequency dependence of ac loss was measured at 55 K for transport current frequ...

Threshold current density and differential slope efficiency as function of end-mirror reflectance have been measured to estimate the internal losses of GaN-based laser diodes. An Al-coated fiber tip is used as an external micro-mirror to vary the reflectance of the end facets allowing for a continuous adjustment of mirror losses of a particular laser. The effective reflectance of the external r...

The time-integrated eddy-current losses are reported in Table 1 for the respective parts of the magnet assembly together with the computational time required for the simulations. Whereas the losses in the stainless steel parts exhibit merely a negligible dependence on the discretization level, the losses in the yoke, forming the major contribution, vary by 1%. The distribution of the component ...

A reward or punishment can seem better or worse depending on what else might have happened. Little is known, however, about how neural representations of an anticipated incentive might be influenced by the available alternatives. We used event-related FMRI to investigate the activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), while we varied the available alternative incentives in a monetary incentive ...

This article explores the effects of the current economic crisis from the perspective of who wins and who loses among employees and executives. While both executives and employees have suffered financially from this recession, employee losses are disproportionately more profound and are likely to have more lasting impact than losses experienced by executives. In a number of instances, executive...

Introduction Rowing performance depends on maximization of mechanical power delivered by the rower(s) and minimization of power losses [1]. Though reductions of power losses may increase the average velocity of a boat, traditional feedback methods lack the accuracy to differentiate between small variations in this power losses. Therefore, we developed a feedback tool to provide real-time feedba...