One of the outstanding features of polycythemia vera is the color of the skin. Clinical descriptions employ the terms brick red, congestive facies, cyanosis and erythrosis. Vaquez, who reported the first observed case of this disease, noted cyanosis as the prevailing tint. Osler thought that the color change was not that of cyanosis but congestion or redness. Since the microscopic investigation...

It is now clear that hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) may occur and contribute significantly to gas exchange abnormalities in the setting of other cardiopulmonary abnormalities. Since there is no gold-standard diagnostic test for HPS, diagnosis rests on documenting arterial oxygenation abnormalities resulting from intrapulmonary vasodilatation in the setting of liver disease. Retrospective studie...

cor triatriatum is an acyanotic congenital heart disease. we present a rare case of cor triatriatum sinistrum in a 6-month-old female infant who was presented with cyanosis and failure to thrive. the 2d transthoracic echocardiography and the doppler color flow imaging showed a proximal venous chamber communicating to the distal left atrium  through restrictive opening to the low-pressure, dista...

We describe a patient with dyspnea and intermittent cyanosis who was found to have concurrent right diaphragmatic and right atrial masses, initially thought to have advanced vascular sarcoma. She was ultimately diagnosed with an unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm, a Morgagni hernia, and a patent foramen ovale. Her dyspnea and cyanosis resolved after sequential surgical correction of these de...