Objectives: To determine whether menopausal hormone therapy (HT) affects regional brain volumes, including hippocampal and frontal regions. Methods: Brain MRI scans were obtained in a subset of 1,403 women aged 71–89 years who participated in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). WHIMS was an ancillary study to the Women’s Health Initiative, which consisted of two randomized, plac...

OBJECTIVE Although oral estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in postmenopausal women improves endothelial function, it also increases plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration. The proinflammatory effect of oral ERT may explain the increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with this treatment. Recent observational studies have demonstrated that a lower...

OBJECTIVE To address the issue of infant mortality as an important health indicator, we systematically analyzed trends in infant mortality in five central and eastern European (CEE) countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). METHODS Infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births) and trends were computed using the World Health Organization database, as well as sele...

By examining the ‘post’ financial crisis scenario in Central Eastern Europe (CEE) paper assesses role of Western banks region and how their penetration ‘resilience’ is influenced by parent subsidiary structure. While taking stock variegated post-socialist transformation CEE, it employs a genealogical method to explore universal bank model its current ‘bifurcation’ into provides lens through whi...

crude enzyme (beta-galactosidase) extract (cee) was produced by lactobacillus ssp. bulgaricus chr hansen lb-12 and was applied in sterile milk which had been processed through ultra high temperature method (uht milk), for hydrolyzing lactose. lactosehydrolyzed milk was also produced by a pure and commercially available betagalactosidase (maxilact). optimum quantities of cee and maxilact enz...

objective(s): covering tissue defects using skin flaps is a basic surgical strategy for plastic and reconstructive surgery. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chicken embryo extract (cee) and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (bm-mscs) on random skin flap survival (rsf) in rats. using chicken embryo extract can be an ideal environment for the growth and proliferation ...

Fourteen-membered macrolides are known to produce alterations in digestive tract motor activity; these include the induction of strong gastric contractions and a decrease in the motility of the small intestine. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of two different formulations of erythromycin ethylsuccinate (EE) on duodenojejunal motility. Compared with the more commonly used crystal...

The opportunity cost of inappropriate health policy decisions is greater in Central and Eastern European (CEE) compared with Western European (WE) countries because of poorer population health and more limited healthcare resources. Application of health technology assessment (HTA) prior to healthcare financing decisions can improve the allocative efficiency of scarce resources. However, few CEE...

Background. One of the main reasons for low back pain is displacement of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc and spinal canal. In the diagnosis of low back pain a clinical examination is essential, supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The main purpose of our research was to demonstrate that the results of a functional diagnosis based on the McKenzie protocol, when c...