The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is the most commonly used reporter protein for monitoring gene expression and protein localization in a variety of living and fixed cells, including not only prokaryotes, but also eukaryotes, e.g., yeasts, mammals, plants and fish. In general, it is thought that GFP is nontoxic to cells, although there are some reports on the side effect of GFP. Further, deta...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates exhibit invasive or cytotoxic phenotypes. Cytotoxic strains acquire some of the characteristics of invasive strains when a regulatory gene, exsA, that controls the expression of several extracellular proteins, is inactivated. exsA mutants are not cytotoxic and can be detected within epithelial cells by gentamicin survival assays. The purpose of this stud...

  In the present study, the effect of the high and low virulence S. iniae strains on oxidative activity and cytotoxic effects of trout spleen macrophages were studied. Spleen macrophages were collected from trout. Luminol was used as chemiluminigenic probe. Phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA) also was used as positive control activating agent of respiratory burst and significantly stimulated pr...

BACKGROUND Snakebites is a neglected disease and in Brazil is considered a serious health problem, with the majority of the snakebites caused by the genus Bothrops. Antivenom therapy and other first-aid treatments do not reverse local myonecrose which is the main sequel caused by the envenomation. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of low level laser (LLL) therapy in reducing local my...

BACKGROUND Foodstuffs of both plant and animal origin contain a wide range of bioactive compounds. Although human intervention studies are mandatory to assess the health effects of bioactives, the in vitro approach is often used to select the most promising molecules to be studied in vivo. To avoid misleading results, concentration and chemical form, exposure time, and potential cytotoxicity of...

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult types of cancer to treat because of its high mortality rate due to chemotherapy resistance. We previously reported that combined treatment with gefitinib (GEF) and clarithromycin (CAM) results in enhanced cytotoxicity of GEF along with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress loading in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. An epidermal growth factor rec...

Bladder cancer is the second common cancer of the genitourinary system throughout the world and intravesical chemotherapy is usually used to reduce tumour recurrence and progression. Human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is an epithelial-like adherent cell line originally established from primary bladder carcinoma. Here we report the effect of mogoltacin, a sesquiterpene coumarin from Ferula ...

Formocresol is common treatment in exposed pulp of primary teeth at caries, trauma and damaged with cavity preparation. Although, clinical and radiographic success and good clinical results are observed, dentistry societies are still searching for materials interchangeable with formocresol. Suab1 is a phytochemical agent that was selected because of its anti- bleeding effect. In this study, we ...

introduction: this study aimed to compare the cytotoxicity of mta fillapex, ah-26 and apatite root canal sealers at different times after mixing. methods and materials: in this in vitro study, mta fillapex, ah-26 and apatite root canal sealer were spilled uniformly by 40 µm mesh in a 96-well plate. then, human fetal foreskin fibroblast cell line (hfff2) were added to each sealer cell culture me...

Copper enhances amyloid cytotoxicity and mediates human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) oligomerization; nickel, a redox inactive metal with similar protein binding affinity to copper, also mimics this effect, thereby demonstrating copper-mediated hIAPP cytotoxicity is due mainly to granular oligomer generation rather than ROS accumulation in type 2 diabetes.