<p style="text-align: justify;">Several reforms have been introduced to help enhance Vietnamese people’s English competencies. However, research on what teachers support or resist is limited. Also, the impact of teachers’ demographic information their responses underrepresented. This mixed-methods study used a questionnaire, responded by 102 as foreign language (EFL) teachers, and six sem...

"Population estimates from the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey (PES), used to measure decennial census undercount, were obtained from dual system estimates (DSE's) that assumed independence within strata defined by age-race-sex-geography and other variables. We make this independence assumption for females, but develop methods to avoid the independence assumption for males within strata by using ...

as discussed in the main text. Following Bayes rule, p res (kr) is then the sum of the product of the probabilities that a node in the extended residual network has degree kr given that it had original degree ko , (pres(kr|ko)), the probability that the node of original degree ko was uninfected in the rst epidemic, (ηko), and the probability that the node had original degree ko , (pko) . In a s...

In an expansive multi-billion international film industry, online reviews inform audiences which films may be the most appealing, determining in part the success a film or franchise. Online reviewers and even review aggregations are biased by social or financial factors; this bias clouds the value of movie reviews by prioritizing and propagating highly visible user’s ratings of films, as compar...

This chapter analyses the results of the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) to describe how proficiency in literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments is distributed among individuals according to various socio-demographic characteristics, including socioeconomic background, educational attainment, immigrant and/or foreign-language background, age, gender and type of occu...

Suicide is an important health issue and its prevention is prioritized in government targets. PCTs in England and Wales are also required to carry out audits of suicide deaths by the Healthcare Commission (HCC). We present findings of a 6-year analysis of suicide deaths between 2002 and 2008 in Birmingham and Solihull, the second largest urban conurbation in the UK. After extensive analysis, no...

"The aim of this paper is to analyze empirically the causal relationship, if any, between infant mortality and fertility in thirty-five developing countries." The focus is on possible relationships between the infant mortality rate and the fertility rate. "The hypothesis that infant mortality causes fertility is tested. The possibility of a 'reverse causation' is also analyzed. A one-sided ...