A major interest in cognitive science is the relationship between linguistic and perceptual representations of space. One approach to exploring this relationship has been to investigate aspects of the linguistic encoding of space that correspond closely to aspects of the visual system. Another approach, which does not contradict the ®rst but rather complements it, is to investigate ways in whic...

Definiteness effects have been attested in the literature for some DPs complementing HAVE (= English and their counterparts other languages). In this paper, which focuses on Spanish, demonstrative are shown to be affected by type-token distinction contexts: internal argument of receives a type reading these cases rejects to-ken interpretation. The “type restriction DPs” (TRD) is follow from nee...

Certain pronoun contexts are argued to establish a local center (LC), i.e., a conventionalized indexical similar to l s t /2nd pers. pronouns. Demonstrat ive pronouns, also indexicals, are shown to access entities that are not LCs because they lack discourse relevance or because they are not yet in the universe of discourse. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Referring expressions in discourse are multi...

English sentences such as: (1) John appreciates that book. (2) John appreciates this book. can both be translated into French as: (3) Jean apprécie ce livre. (‘Jean appreciates ce book’) so that ce seems neutral between that and this. To express the English distinction, French adds -là or ci: (4) Jean apprécie ce livre-là. (‘Jean appreciates ce book-there’) (5) Jean apprécie ce livre-ci. (‘Jean...

As humans, we have the capacity to refer to the things in the world around us. In everyday spoken communication, we often use words to describe intended referents (such as objects, people, and events), and our bodies (e.g., eyes, head, and hands) to indicate the location to which our addressee should focus her attention in order to further identify what we are talking about (Bühler, 1934; Clark...

It is one thing to have phenomenal states and another thing to think about phenomenal states. Thinking about phenomenal states gives us knowledge that we have them and knowledge of what they are like. But how do we think about phenomenal states? These days, the most popular answer is that we use phenomenal concepts. Phenomenal concepts are presumed to be concepts that represent phenomenal state...