When we use a PSM what is it we are actually doing? An answer to this question would enable the PSM community to considerably enlarge the available source of case studies by the inclusion of examples of non-codified PSM use. We start from Checkland’s own proposal for a “constitutive definition” of SSM, which originated from trying to answer the question of knowing when a claim of SSM use was le...

In addition to the natural language, human beings hold an intuitive sense of counting. We have the ability to determine the number of objects in a small collection and carry out simple additions and subtractions without direct instruction. By the age of ten, a child understands about 10,000 words and speaks its native language with 95% accuracy. However, by the age of eleven, some children alre...

In developing countries, low levels of awareness, cost and organizational constraints on access to specialized care contribute to inadequate patient help-seeking behavior. As much as 95% of cancer patients in developing countries are diagnosed at late to end stage disease. Consequently, treatment outcome is dismally poor and a vicious cycle sets in, with public mystification of cancer and the a...

Quantum technology promises to shift the boundaries of what machines can do. Advancing our capacities acquire, process and transmit information, quantum has potential impact nearly all domains in society. Therefore, we should start anticipating future role ethical, legal, social policy implications that come with it. One way informing ourselves about how do this is by making use historical anal...

There is an emerging consensus both within the social scientific research community and more widely in public domain that expert authority “in trouble.” However, there much greater disagreement over scope scale of this trouble what it might mean for nature, status, significance 21st century. This paper identifies assesses three different narratives concerning crisis authority. These constitute ...

Attackers are perpetually modifying their tactics to avoid detection and frequently leverage legitimate credentials with trusted tools already deployed in a network environment, making it difficult for organizations proactively identify critical security risks. Network traffic analysis products have emerged response attackers’ relentless innovation, offering realistic path forward combatting cr...

Constipation in children is a common health problem affecting 0.7% to 29.6% children across the world. Exact etiology for developing symptoms is not clear in children and the majority is considered to have functional constipation. Alteration of rectal and pelvic floor function through the brain-gut axis seems to play a crucial role in the etiology. The diagnosis is often a symptom-based clinica...

INTRODUCTION: In contemporary Indian society, there is now restructuring and reorientation of a women’s role. The importance studying married single women has become more pertinent because the changing attitudes, increased literacy rate women, their involvement in politics economic development. present study aimed to understand whether status being “married” or “single” influences woman’s perso...

The depth of the problems that Nikolic procedures in his movies arise from the specific subject matter that was unlike some other arts, above all literature, in this field of aesthetic expression in the unique cultural and conceptual framework of former Yugoslavia, less prevalent. Although it is difficult to talk about their polyphonic or polymorphic characteristics, the clear and dramatic func...

Introduction This article explores the growth and impact of the medicalisation of HIV and HIV-related stigma. Since the early days of the virus when treatments were unavailable, political voices for HIV advocacy were powerful; public discourse reflected these changes with growing public-health campaigns that began to demystify HIV as a concept. However, with the development of antiretroviral th...