abstract aim and background: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the factorial structure, reliability and divergent and convergent validity of the extended life orientation test- persian version (elot-p). methods and materials: first, elot was translated to persian language. then by using the back-translation procedure, the gaps between the translated version and the original ve...

Computer competence is poorly conceptualized and inconsistently measured. This study clarifies computer competence and examines its relationship with anxiety, affect, and pessimism, along with self-efficacy and previous experience. Using a survey of 610 end users, the strengths of anxiety, affect (positive), pessimism, self-efficacy, and previous experience were compared for nine different comp...

This longitudinal study investigates whether anhedonia and pessimistic attributional style represent a clinical state or a trait in hospitalized depressed adolescents. 81 consecutive adolescent inpatients were screened with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the clinician-rated Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) criteria sheet. 51 patients with BDI score ≥10 and/or ≥4 symptoms on MDD criteria...

Using the interpersonal perspective, we examined social correlates of dispositional optimism. In Study 1, optimism and pessimism were associated with warm-dominant and hostile-submissive interpersonal styles, respectively, across four samples, and had expected associations with social support and interpersonal stressors. In 300 married couples, Study 2 replicated these findings regarding interp...

This article is dedicated to the metaphilosophical pessimism of C. McGinn. McGinn known as a main proponent “new mysterianism” in contemporary analytic philosophy mind. According mysterianism, we can’t solve mind-body problem because natural cognitive limitations on our side. McGinn’s view nature component this conception. In general, mysterian metaphilosophy didn’t get enough coverage research...

Background and Purpose: The association between optimism and pessimism and health outcomes has attracted increasing research interest. To date, the association between these psychological variables and risk of stroke remains unclear. We examined the relationship between pessimism and the 7-year incidence of stroke. Methods: A random sample of 23 216 adults (9 480 men, 13 796 women) aged 20-54 y...

Knowledge plays a critical role in achieving organization strategic objectives and gaining competitive advantage; thus, knowledge like other organizational resources needs to be managed. However, knowledge management (KM) often lacks adequate infrastructure and necessary requirements that makes its implementation difficult and costly. It is argued that the first step to accommodate a KM strateg...