One of the most critical demographic events in the world today is population aging—the process by which the share of older individuals in the total population starts becoming larger. The aging phenomenon, which has been initially experienced by developed countries, is now steadily approaching the developing world. Projections show that over the next five decades, world median age will continue ...

Thickness dependency of the field emission of amorphous and nanostructured carbon thin films has been studied. It is found that in amorphous and carbon films with nanometer-sized sp2 clusters, the emission does not depend on the film thickness. This further proves that the emission happens from the surface sp2 sites due to large enhancement of electric field on these sites. However, in the case...

BACKGROUND A positive correlation between elderly dependency ratios and elderly suicide rates has been observed using one-year cross-sectional data on elderly suicide rates. METHODS A cross-national study designed to replicate this positive correlation between elderly dependency ratios and elderly suicide rates was undertaken by: (i) using one-year average of five years data on suicide rates;...

BACKGROUND Health services can only be responsive if they are designed to service the needs of the population at hand. In many low and middle income countries, the rate of urbanisation can leave the profile of the rural population quite different from the urban population. As a consequence, the kinds of services required for an urban population may be quite different from that required for a ru...

Four population scenarios were derived that describe indicators of demographic behaviour for people living in different future political-economic contexts. This policy paper explores future trends in i) population growth at regional and national levels, ii) working age populations, in view of demographic dividend potential, and iii) elderly populations, in view of the financial burden they plac...

This study aimed to investigate the changes in pulmonary artery pressure in infants with chronic lung disease who then developed prolonged oxygen dependency. The time to peak velocity: right ventricular ejection time (TPV:RVET) ratio calculated from the Doppler waveform, which correlates negatively with pulmonary artery pressure, was used. Thirty four infants with chronic lung disease were stud...

The problem of hypothesis testing against independence for a Gauss-Markov random field (GMRF) is analyzed. Assuming an acyclic dependency graph, a closed-form expression for the log-likelihood ratio is derived, in terms of the coefficients of its covariance matrix and the edges of the dependency graph. Assuming random placement of nodes over a large region according to the Poisson or uniform di...

This paper evaluates the sustainability of Danish fiscal policy for a given demographic development. The total population forecast is the sum of individual forecasts for 5 different origin groups including immigrants and descendents of immigrants. Results are that the demographic dependency ratio increases and has a local maximum around 2040. However, the level of the dependency ratio remains p...

this research deals with the concept of uniqueness in creativity as one of the artist's concerns and her personal features differentiates her from her peers in literary approach and critical view horizon based on her learned knowledge and literature.the reflection of such concept can be found in the book teyf-e- al-khialwritten by sharif al-murtazain both poetry and its criticism. the poet...